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Talyllyn Railway
The Talyllyn Railway ((ウェールズ語:Rheilffordd Talyllyn)) is a narrow-gauge preserved railway in Wales running for 〔Boyd 1965, page 85〕 from Tywyn on the Mid-Wales coast to Nant Gwernol near the village of Abergynolwyn. The line was opened in 1866 to carry slate from the quarries at Bryn Eglwys to Tywyn, and was the first narrow gauge railway in Britain authorised by Act of Parliament to carry passengers using steam haulage.〔Mitchell and Eyres, 2005 page 7〕〔Boyd 1988, page 44〕 Despite severe under-investment,〔Rolt 1965, page 50〕 the line remained open, and in 1951 it became the first railway in the world to be preserved as a heritage railway by volunteers.〔Thomas 2002, page 32〕〔Ransom 1996, page 139〕
Since preservation, the railway has operated as a tourist attraction, expanding its rolling stock through acquisition and an engineering programme to build new locomotives and carriages. In 1976, an extension was opened along the former mineral line from Abergynolwyn to the new station at Nant Gwernol. In 2001, the preservation society celebrated its 50th anniversary, and in 2005 a major rebuilding and extension of Tywyn Wharf station took place, including a much-expanded facility for the Narrow Gauge Railway Museum.
The fictional Skarloey Railway, which formed part of the Railway Series of children's books by The Rev. W. Awdry, was based on the Talyllyn Railway. The preservation of the line inspired the Ealing Comedy film ''The Titfield Thunderbolt''.
==Name and gauge==
The origin of the railway's name is uncertain: it may refer to the parish of Tal-y-llyn, which contains its eastern terminus,〔Johnson 1999, page 27〕 or it may come from Tal-y-llyn, a large glacial ribbon lake at the foot of Cadair Idris further east.〔Boyd 1965, page 61–62〕 The gauge of the track is unusual, and was shared by only three other public railways in the United Kingdom: the nearby Corris Railway, and the subsequent Plynlimon and Hafan Tramway and Campbeltown and Machrihanish Light Railway.
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