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Tanit〔'TNT in Phoenician and Punic inscriptions.〕 was a Punic and Phoenician goddess, the chief deity of Carthage alongside her consort Ba`al Hammon.〔Richard Miles ''Carthage Must Be Destroyed'' (Penguin, 2011), p.68〕〔F. O. Hvidberg-Hansen, ''La déesse TNT: une Etude sur la réligion canaanéo-punique'' (Copenhagen: Gad) 1982, is the standard survey. An extensive critical review by G. W. Ahlström appeared in ''Journal of Near Eastern Studies'' 45.4 (October 1986), pp. 311–314.〕 She was also adopted by the Punic Berber people. Tanit is also called Tinnit, Tannou or Tangou. The name appears to have originated in Carthage (modern day Tunisia), though it does not appear in local theophorous names. She was equivalent to the moon-goddess Astarte, and later worshipped in Roman Carthage in her Romanized form as Dea Caelestis, Juno Caelestis or simply Caelestis. In modern-day Tunisian Arabic, it is customary to invoke "Omek Tannou" or "Oumouk Tangou" (Mother Tannou or Tangou depending on the region), the years of drought to bring rain; just as we speak of "Ba`li" farming, for non-irrigated farming, to say that it only depends on god Ba`al Hammon.〔Ottavo contributo alla storia degli studi classici e del mondo antico Arnaldo Momigliano - 1987 p240.〕 == Worship == Tanit was worshiped in Punic contexts in the Western Mediterranean, from Malta to Gades into Hellenistic times. From the fifth century BCE onwards, Tanit's worship is associated with that of Ba`al Hammon. She is given the epithet ''pene baal'' ("face of Baal") and the title ''rabat'', the female form of ''rab'' (chief).〔Markoe 2000:130.〕 In North Africa, where the inscriptions and material remains are more plentiful, she was, as well as a consort of Baal Hammon, a heavenly goddess of war, a virginal (not married) mother goddess and nurse, and, less specifically, a symbol of fertility, as are most female forms. Several of the major Greek goddesses were identified with Tanit by the syncretic ''interpretatio graeca'', which recognized as Greek deities in foreign guise the gods of most of the surrounding non-Hellene cultures. Her shrine excavated at Sarepta in southern Phoenicia revealed an inscription that identified her for the first time in her homeland and related her securely to the Phoenician goddess Astarte (Ishtar).〔James B. Pritchard, ''Recovering Sarepta, a Phoenician City'' (Princeton: Princeton University Press) 1978.; see Sarepta. The inscription reads TNT TTRT and could identify Tanit as an epithet of Astarte at Sarepta, for the TNT element does not appear in theophoric names in Punic contexts (Ahlström 1986 review, p 314).〕 One site where Tanit is uncovered is at Kerkouane, in the Cap Bon peninsula in Tunisia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tanit」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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