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Tapp-Tarock (Viennese Tappen) is a three-player tarot card game which uses the 54-card Industrie und Glück deck. This is an introductory game for more complex tarock games like Cego or Königrufen. During the interwar period, it was the preferred card game of Viennese coffee houses. Even today Tapp-Tarock is played sporadically. The exact date when it appeared is not possible to identify, but it is likely to have been developed in Austria in the early 19th century. 〔Gerald K. Folkvord, ''Die große Humboldt-enzyklopädie der Kartenspiele'', ISBN 3-899940-58-X, 2005〕 The oldest version was narrated in 1821.〔Wolfgang Mayr, Robert Sedlaczek: ''(Das Große Tarockbuch )'', Zsolnay Verlag, Wien 2001, ISBN 3-85223-462-X, S. 105–110〕 ''Tapp'' is a term for the undealt cards in the middle of the table called the ''talon'' in other tarock games or stock, widow, kitty, or skat in other card games. ''Tappu'' or ''Tappä'' is another name for the Swiss tarot game of Troggu and the Stubaital game of Brixentaler Bauerntarock. ==History== Tapp-Tarock is probably the oldest tarock variant in which four basic features of tarock are found together: * the shortening of the 78-card tarot deck to the current 54 cards * the conversion from Italian suits to French suits * the conversion of The Fool or ''Sküs'' (Excuse) to simply being the 22nd and highest trump * the introduction of the bonus of winning the final trick with trump 1 (''Pagat Ultimo'') The conversion of the Sküs was completed, according to the tarot expert Michael Dummett, in Austria. 〔Michael Dummett: ''The Game of Tarot'', London 1980〕 In Troggu, the older Swiss tarot game, the Fool can function as the highest trump or as the excuse. The introduction of the ''Pagat Ultimo'', according to card game historian John McLeod, is believed to have come from Trappola, which was widely played in Austria. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tapp-Tarock」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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