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The Tuareg (; also spelled Twareg or Touareg; endonym ''Imuhagh'') are Berber people with a traditionally nomadic pastoralist lifestyle. They are the principal inhabitants of the Saharan interior of North Africa. The Tuareg language, a branch of the Berber languages, has an estimated 1.2 million speakers. About half this number is accounted for by speakers of the Eastern dialect (Tamajaq, Tawallammat).〔 Most Tuareg live in the Saharan parts of Niger, Mali, and Algeria. Being nomadic, they move constantly across national borders, and small groups of Tuareg also live in southeastern Algeria, southwestern Libya and northern Burkina Faso, and a small community in northern Nigeria.〔"The total Tuareg population is well above one million individuals." Keith Brown, Sarah Ogilvie, ''Concise encyclopedia of languages of the world'', Elsevier, 2008, ISBN 9780080877747, p. 152.〕 ==Names== The origin and meaning of the name ''Tuareg'' has long been debated with various etymologies advanced, although it would appear that ''Twārəg'' is derived from the "broken plural" of ''Tārgi'', a name whose former meaning was "inhabitant of ''Targa''" (the Tuareg name of the Libyan region commonly known as Fezzan. ''Targa'' in Berber means "(drainage) channel", see Alojali et al. 2003: 656, s.v. "Targa"). Tuareg were called ''Tevarikler'' in The Ottoman Empire. The name of the Tuareg for themselves is ''Imuhagh'' or ''Imushagh'' (cognate to northern Berber ''Imazighen''). The term for a Tuareg man is ''Amajagh'' (var. ''Amashegh'', ''Amahagh''), the term for a woman ''Tamajaq'' (var. ''Tamasheq'', ''Tamahaq'', ''Timajaghen''). The spelling variants given reflect the variety of the Tuareg dialects, but they all reflect the same linguistic root, expressing the notion of "freemen", strictly only referring to the Tuareg "nobility", to the exclusion of the artisan client castes and slaves.〔Hourst, pp. 200–201.〕 Another self-designation of more recent origin is linguistic, ''Kel Tamasheq'' or ''Kel Tamajaq'' (Neo-Tifinagh) "Speakers of Tamasheq". Also encountered in ethnographic literature of the early 20th century is the name ''Kel Tagelmust'' "People of the Veil"〔See Rodd 1926.〕 and "the Blue People" (for the indigo colour of their veils and other clothing, which sometimes stains the skin underneath).〔Gearon, Eamonn, (2011) ''The Sahara: A Cultural History'' Oxford University Press, p. 239〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tuareg people」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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