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A taxicab, also known as a taxi or a cab, is a type of vehicle for hire with a driver, used by a single passenger or small group of passengers, often for a non-shared ride. A taxicab conveys passengers between locations of their choice. This differs from other modes of public transport where the pick-up and drop-off locations are determined by the service provider, not by the passenger, although demand responsive transport and share taxis provide a hybrid bus/taxi mode. There are four distinct forms of taxicab, which can be identified by slightly differing terms in different countries: * Hackney carriages, also known as public hire, hailed or street taxis, licensed for hailing throughout communities * Private hire vehicles, also known as minicabs or private hire taxis, licensed for pre-booking only * Taxibuses, also known as jitneys, operating on pre-set routes typified by multiple stops and multiple independent passengers * Limousines, specialized vehicle licensed for operation by pre-booking Although types of vehicles and methods of regulation, hiring, dispatching, and negotiating payment differ significantly from country to country, many common characteristics exist. ==Etymology== Harry Nathaniel Allen of The New York Taxicab Company, who imported the first 600 gas-powered New York City taxicabs from France in 1907, coined the word "taxicab" as a contraction of "taximeter cabriolet". "Taximeter" is an adaptation of the French word ''taximètre'', coined from Medieval Latin ''taxa'', which means ''tax'' or ''charge'', together with ''meter'' from the Greek ''metron'' () meaning measure. A "cabriolet" is a type of horse-drawn carriage, from the French word "cabrioler" ("leap, caper"), from Italian "capriolare" ("to jump"), from Latin "capreolus" ("roebuck", "wild goat"). The taxicabs of Paris were equipped with the first meters beginning on March 9, 1898. They were originally called ''taxamètres'', then renamed ''taximètres'' on October 17, 1904.〔Fierro, Alfred, ''Histoire et Dictionnaire de Paris'' (1996), Robert Laffont, page 1166, ISBN 2-221-07862-4〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Taxicab」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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