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TAZARA Railway
The TAZARA Railway, also called the Uhuru Railway or the Tanzam Railway, is a railroad in East Africa linking the port of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania with the town of Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia's Central Province. The single-track railway is long and was built by the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA) from 1970 to 1975 as a turnkey project financed and supported by China. At the time of its completion, two years ahead of schedule, the TAZARA was the single longest railway in sub-Saharan Africa.〔Brautigam 2010: 40〕 At the cost of US $500 million to build, the TAZARA was the largest single foreign-aid project undertaken by China.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.tazarasite.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=70&Itemid=80 )〕
The governments of Tanzania, Zambia and China built the railway to eliminate landlocked Zambia's economic dependence on Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and South Africa, both of which were ruled by white-minority governments.〔Thomas W. Robinson and David L. Shambaugh. ''Chinese Foreign Policy: theory and practice'', 1994. Page 287.〕 The railway provided the only route for bulk trade from Zambia's Copperbelt to reach the sea without having to transit white-ruled territories. The spirit of Pan-African socialism among the leaders of Tanzania and Zambia and the symbolism of China's support for newly independent African countries gave rise to TAZARA's designation as the "Great Uhuru Railway", ''Uhuru'' being the Swahili word for Freedom.〔(Chinese Embassy )〕
==Route==
Running some from Tanzania's largest city, Dar es Salaam, on the coast of the Indian Ocean to Kapiri Mposhi, near the Copperbelt of central Zambia, the TAZARA is sometimes regarded as the greatest engineering effort of its kind since the Second World War. The railway crosses Tanzania in a southwest direction, leaving the coastal strip and then entering largely uninhabited areas of the vast Selous Game Reserve. The line crosses the TAN-ZAM highway at Makambako and runs parallel to the highway toward Mbeya and the Zambian border, before entering Zambia, and linking with Zambia Railways at Kapiri Mposhi.
From sea level, the railway climbs to at Mlimba, and then reaches its highest point of at Uyole in Mbeya before descending to at Mwenzo, the highest point in Zambia, and settling to at Kapiri Mposhi.〔(Route Map & Profile Tazarasite.com )〕
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