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TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) is a global set of conferences run by the private non-profit Sapling Foundation, under the slogan "Ideas Worth Spreading".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://peandme.com/recommended-videos/ted-talks/ )〕 TED was founded in 1984 as a one-off event;〔 the annual conference series began in 1990.〔("What's the big idea?" ). ''The Guardian''. July 24, 2005. Retrieved December 20, 2014.〕 TED's early emphasis was technology and design, consistent with its Silicon Valley origins, but it has since broadened its focus to include talks on many scientific, cultural, and academic topics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://mashable.com/category/ted/ )〕 The main TED conference is held annually in Vancouver, Canada, and its companion TEDActive is held in Whistler, British Columbia Prior to 2014, the two conferences were held in Long Beach and Palm Springs, California, respectively. TED events are also held throughout North America and in Europe and Asia, offering live streaming of the talks. They address a wide range of topics within the research and practice of science and culture, often through storytelling.〔("Here's Why TED and TEDx are Appealing" ). ''Forbes''. June 19, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2014.〕 The speakers are given a maximum of 18 minutes to present their ideas in the most innovative and engaging ways they can. Past speakers include Bill Clinton, Jane Goodall, Al Gore, Gordon Brown, Billy Graham, Richard Dawkins, Richard Stallman, Bill Gates, Bono, Mike Rowe, Google founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin, and many Nobel Prize winners. TED's current curator is the British former computer journalist and magazine publisher Chris Anderson. Since June 2006,〔 the talks have been offered for free viewing online, under an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs Creative Commons license, through TED.com.〔("TEDTalks usage policy" ). TED.com. Retrieved December 20, 2014.〕 , over 1,900 talks are freely available on the website. In June 2011, the talks' combined viewing figure stood at more than 500 million,〔("TED profile" ). Mashable.com. June 27, 2011. Retrieved December 20, 2014.〕 and by November 2012, TED talks had been watched over one billion times worldwide.〔("TED reaches its billionth video view!" ). TED Blog. November 13, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2014.〕 Not all TED talks are equally popular, however. Those given by academics tend to be watched more online, and art and design videos tend to be watched less than average. ==History== TED was conceived in 1984 by architect and graphic designer Richard Saul Wurman, who observed a convergence of the fields of technology, entertainment, and design (that is, "TED"). The first conference, organized by Harry Marks and Wurman in the same year, featured demos of the Sony compact disc, and one of the first demonstrations of the Apple Macintosh computer.〔〔Cadwalladr, Carole (Ted – the ultimate forum for blue-sky thinking ) 4 July 2010, The Guardian, Retrieved 20-09-2012.〕 Presentations were given by famous mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot and influential members of the digerati community, like Nicholas Negroponte and Stewart Brand. The event was financially unsuccessful; it took six years before the second conference was organized. From 1990 onward, a growing community of "TEDsters" gathered annually at the event in Monterey, California, until 2009, when it was relocated to Long Beach, California due to a substantial increase in attendees. Initially, the speakers had been drawn from the fields of expertise behind the acronym TED, but during the nineties, the roster of presenters broadened to include scientists, philosophers, musicians, religious leaders, philanthropists and many others.〔 In 2000, Wurman, looking for a successor at age 65, met with new-media entrepreneur and TED enthusiast Chris Anderson to discuss future happenings. Anderson's UK media company Future bought TED. And, In November 2001, Anderson's non-profit The Sapling Foundation (motto: ''"fostering the spread of great ideas."'')〔 acquired TED from Future for £4m. In February 2002, Anderson gave a TEDTalk in which he explained his vision of the conference and his future role of curator. Wurman left after the 2002 conference. In 2006, attendance cost was $4,400 per person and was by invitation only. The membership model was shifted in January 2007 to an annual membership fee of $6,000, which includes attendance of the conference, club mailings, networking tools, and conference DVDs. In 2014 the conference was relocated to Vancouver. TED is currently funded by a combination of various revenue streams, including conference attendance fees, corporate sponsorships, foundation support, licensing fees, and book sales. Corporate sponsorships are diverse, provided by companies such as Google, GE, AOL, Goldman Sachs, The Coca-Cola Company; among others. Sponsors do not participate in the creative direction of the event, nor are they allowed to present on the main stage, in the interests of journalistic independence.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/how-ted-works )〕 The TED staff consists of about 140 people headquartered in New York City and Vancouver.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Who we are - Our organization - About - TED )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「TED (conference)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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