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|official_name = · Tehran Metropolis |nickname = |native_name_lang = |settlement_type = Metropolis |image_skyline = |image_caption = |image_seal = Tehran Logo.png |seal_alt = |image_shield = |shield_alt = |motto = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |pushpin_map = Iran |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |coordinates_region = IR |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Tehran |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Tehran Shemiranat |subdivision_type3 = Bakhsh (District) |subdivision_name3 = Central |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf |established_title = |established_date = 1778 |leader_title1 = City Council |_name1 = Chairman: Mehdi Chamran |area_magnitude = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_square_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_square_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_square_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = 617.73 | area_note =〔()〕 |area_urban_square_mi = |population_as_of = 2015 |population_note = Population Data from 2015 Census and Statistical Centre of Iran Metro area figure refers to Tehran Province. |population_urban = |population_metro = 〔 |population_density_km2 = 12,896 |population_blank1_title = Population Rank in Iran |population_blank1 = 1st |population_demonym=Tehrani (en) |timezone = IRST |utc_offset = +03:30 |timezone_DST = IRDT |utc_offset_DST = +04:30 |coordinates_display = % |latd = 35 | latm = 41 | lats = 46 | latNS = N |longd = 51 | longm = 25 | longs = 23 | longEW = E |elevation_m = 900 to 1830 〔()〕〔 ()〕 |elevation_ft = 2952 to 6003 |area_code = 021 |website = (www.tehran.ir ) |footnotes = }} Tehran (; (ペルシア語:Tehrān – تهران)) is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With a population of around 9 million in the city and 16 million in the wider metropolitan area,〔Excluding the population of the city Karaj〕 Tehran is the largest city and urban area of Iran, the second largest city in Western Asia, and the 3rd largest in the Middle East. It is ranked 29th in the world by the population of its metropolitan area.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=World's largest urban areas in 2006 (1) )〕 In the Classical era, part of the present-day city of Tehran was occupied by a Median city which in the Avesta occurs as ''Rhaga''.〔George Erdösy, "The Indo-Aryans of ancient South Asia: Language, material culture and ethnicity", Walter de Gruyter, 1995. p. 165: "Possible western place names are the following: Raya-, which is also the ancient name of Median Raga in the Achaemenid inscriptions (Darius, Bisotun 2.13: ''a land in Media called Raga'') and modern Rey south of Tehran"〕 It was destroyed by the Mongols in the early 13th century, and remains now as a city in Tehran Province, located towards the south end of the modern-day city of Tehran. Tehran was first chosen as the capital of Iran by Agha Mohammad Khan of the Qajar dynasty in 1796, in order to remain in close reach of Iran's territories in the Caucasus, at that time still part of Iran, and to avoid vying factions of previous Iranian dynasties. The capital has been moved several times throughout the history, and Tehran is the 32nd national capital of Iran. The city was the seat of Qajars and Pahlavis, the two last imperial dynasties of the country. It is home to many historical collections, such as the royal complexes of Golestan, Saadabad, and Niavaran, as well as the country's most important governmental buildings of the modern period. Large scale demolition and rebuilding began in the 1920s, and Tehran has been subject of mass migration of people from all over Iran, since the 20th century.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tehran (Iran) : Introduction – Britannica Online Encyclopedia )〕 The most famous landmarks of the city include the Azadi Tower, a memorial built during the Pahlavi period, and the Milad Tower, the world's 17th tallest freestanding structure which was built in 2007. The newly built Tabiat Bridge is considered as the 3rd symbol of the city.〔Arch Daily: ''(Tabiat Pedestrian Bridge / Diba Tensile Architecture )'', 17 Nov 2014〕 Majority of the people of Tehran are Persian-speaking people who identify themselves as Persians,〔"Chand Darsad Tehranihaa dar Tehran Bedonyaa Amadand"(How many percent of Tehranis were born in Tehran)-Actual census done by the University of Tehran – Sociology Department, accessed December, 2010 ()()()()()〕〔Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi, Peter McDonald, Meimanat Hosseini-Chavoshi, "The Fertility Transition in Iran: Revolution and Reproduction", Springer, 2009. pp 100–101: "The first category is 'Central' where the majority of people are Persian speaking ethnic Fars (provinces of Fars, Hamedan, Isfahan, Markazi, Qazvin, Qom, Semnan, Yazd and Tehran..."〕 and roughly 99% of the population understand and speak Persian; but there are also populations of other Iranian ethnicities such as Azerbaijanis, Armenians, Lurs, and Kurds who speak Persian as their second language.〔Mareike Schuppe, "Coping with Growth in Tehran: Strategies of Development Regulation", GRIN Verlag, 2008. pp 13: "Besides Persian, there are Azari, Armenian, and Jewish communities in Tehran. The vast majority of Tehran's residents are Persian-speaking (98.3%)"〕 Tehran is served by the Mehrabad and Khomeini international airports, a central railway station, the rapid transit rail system of Tehran Metro, as well as trolleybus and BRT systems, and has a huge network of highways. There have been plans to relocate Iran's capital from Tehran to another area; due mainly to air pollution and the city's exposure to earthquakes. ==History== The origin of the name ''Tehran'' is uncertain.〔Behrooz, Samira; Karampour, Katayoun. (''A Research on Adaptation of Historic Urban Landscapes ; The Case of The Historical City of Tehran.'' ) Tehran Historical City Office.〕 Settlement of Tehran dates back over 7,000 years.〔Press TV: (7,000-year-old human skeleton recovered in south Tehran ), 14 January 2015〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tehran」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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