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Tema is a city on the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic coast of Ghana. It is located east of the capital city; Accra, in the region of Greater Accra, and is the capital of the Tema Metropolitan District. As of 2013, Tema is the eleventh most populous settlement in Ghana, with a population of approximately 161,612 people – a marked decrease from its 2005 figure of 209,000.〔(Tema ). GhanaWeb.com. Retrieved 9 March 2013.〕 The Greenwich Meridian (00 Longitude) passes directly through the city.〔(Greater Accra » Tema Metropolitan ). GhanaDistricts.com. Retrieved 9 March 2013.〕 Tema is locally nicknamed the "Harbour Town" because of its status as Ghana's largest seaport. Tema is a city constructed on the site of a small fishing village. Tema was commissioned by Ghana's first president, Kwame Nkrumah, and grew rapidly after the construction of a large harbour in 1961. It is now a major trading center, home to an oil refinery and numerous factories, and is linked to Accra by a highway and railway. Tema is one of Ghana's two deep seaports, the other being Sekondi-Takoradi.〔 ==History== Before the independence, the government identified a small fishing village called Torman as the site for an ultra modern seaport for the new Ghana. Torman residents also grew the calabash plant (gourd), known as Tor in the local language, hence the name of the village Tor-man (gourd-land) which was corrupted to TEMA. In 1952, the government acquired of land north of the harbour, and entrusted it to the Tema Development Corporation. The “New Town” that was subsequently built on the site was planned as an industrial and residential complex. The villagers of Torman were ejected to make way for the project, and migrated to a new fishing ground around away.〔 The main Tema Township was constructed, and the Tema Harbour officially opened, in 1962. Over the following decades, Tema grew into the industrial hub of Ghana, with a carefully constructed road layout featuring landscaping and street lights. It boasted modern recreational centers and other social amenities rare among African cities at the time.〔 President Nkrumah appointed Mr. Theophilus Asiaw Mills as the first District Commissioner. A large population influx began in the 1960s owing to the town's employment opportunities; but the Tema Development Corporation was unable to construct housing and provide other services to meet the needs of the migrants.〔(Tema ). OT Africa Line. Retrieved 9 March 2013.〕 The Tema Newtown district was overwhelmed by the sudden population growth, and became the poor cousin of Tema Township, receiving none of the latter's improved housing, geometrically laid roads, or social amenities. Moreover, royalties paid by Tema Newtown's companies to evicted villagers have not been used due to a chieftain dispute. The area's fishing potential was thus not fully exploited.〔("Poverty In The Mist of Riches" ). GhanaWeb.com. Retrieved 9 March 2013.〕 The importance of Tema as a port and industrial hub is reflected by the fact that the Ghana Police Service maintains a special policing region devoted entirely to the city.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tema」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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