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Terowie is a small town in the mid-north of South Australia located north of Adelaide. It is located in the Regional Council of Goyder. Terowie retains a number of authentic and well preserved 1880s buildings, and has been declared a "historic town". It also remains a town of interest to those interested in rail history. Although now a very small town with few facilities, Terowie remains a popular destination for photographers, historians, and rail buffs. At the , Terowie had a population of 145. == Origins and history == ''Terowie'' is an aboriginal word meaning ''hidden waterhole'',〔Manning, G; 1990; ''Manning's Place Names of South Australia''; 〕 first applied to Terowie Creek.〔(Munjibbee and Wookongarie Runs ) ''South Australian Register'' 27 September 1864 p. 3 accessed 24 August 2011〕 Gottliebs Well – Prior to the 1870s the Terowie name was practically unknown to European settlers. The entire district was an extensive pastoral property named Gottlieb's Well Station (also ''Gottlieb Well'' – German: 'Loved by God'), first taken up in the 1840s under Occupation Licence, and then from 1851 under Crown Lease. By the 1860s, under leaseholder Alexander McCulloch, this run had expanded to a total area of 407 square miles, grazing 40,000 sheep.〔''Bailliere's South Australian Gazetteer'', Adelaide 1866, page 90.〕 The busy Gottliebs Well head station, which also catered for travellers and stagecoaches, was just a few kilometres southwest of present Terowie township. From the early 1870s many large pastoral properties of South Australia were broken up into smaller parcels through land reform. In the case of Gottliebs Well, this resulted in the proclamation of the Hundred of Terowie.〔(Government Gazette 22 February 1872 ) ''South Australian Register'' 23 February 1872 p. 6 accessed 24 August 2011〕 Thus obscured, the Gottliebs Well name was consigned to further obscurity in 1918 when, due to anti-German sentiment of World War I, it was renamed Parnggi Well. The town of Terowie was founded as a private venture around 1875 by John A. Mitchell (died ca. May 1879), who built a public house (highly profitable due to its proximity to the Inkermann mine〔(To Waukaringa and Back ) ''South Australian Register'' 21 December 1875 p.5 accessed 24 August 2011 This reference is interesting for its descriptions of the big towns but also Koolunga, Redhill, Georgetown, Booyoolie, Caltowie, Wirrabara, Saltia, Willochra, Wirreanda, Yednelue, Wonoka, Oudla Mudla, Droonda, Eurilpa, Morchard and Pekina. ''South Australian Register'' accessed 24 August 2011〕) on the main road, and sections were taken up by a blacksmith, a medical practitioner (a Dr. Carter〔(Serious Results of a Quarrel ) ''South Australian Register'' 2 May 1876 p. 5 accessed 24 August 2011〕), a store and others. This was in flagrant contravention of the terms of Mitchell's lease, but received an ''imprimatur'' when he facilitated building of a Wesleyan chapel.〔(Township of Shebbear ) ''South Australian Register'' 7 May 1878 p. 6 accessed 24 August 2011〕 By the end of 1875 it consisted of seven houses in a row.〔(Notes of a Northern Tour ) ''South Australian Register'' 5 November 1875 p.6 accessed 24 August 2011〕 In 1877 an area of "wasteland" to the east across the road was nominated by the Government as the site of a town named "Shebbear".〔(Township of Shebear (sic) ) ''South Australian Register'' 10 August 1877 p. 7 accessed 24 August 2011〕 (perhaps named after Shebbear, Devon). This was objected to by interests in Terowie〔( Townships in the North ) ''South Australian Register'' 17 August 1877 p. 5 accessed 24 August 2011〕 and nearby Yarcowie, which was anxious for any development to be there.〔(Sale of Township near Terowie ) ''South Australian Register'' 8 September 1877 p. 5 accessed 24 August 2011〕 Eventually lots were offered for sale at "Shebbear", but the name was scarcely used outside the context of proposed land sales, and all references to the future railway used "Terowie". By 1880 there were two stores, two butchers', a bakery, a saddlery, a bootmaker, three blacksmiths', the hotel (now run by Eglington) and another under construction, two chapels, an Institute (but as yet no Post Office or Police Station〔(Terowie, 14 April ) ''South Australian Register'' 21 April 1880 p. 7 accessed 24 August 2011〕) and the railway station.〔(A Town in the North ) ''South Australian Register'' 27 March 1880 p. 6 accessed 24 August 2011〕 The line south was completed on 11 October 1880.〔(Railway at Terowie ) ''South Australian Register'' 12 October 1880 p. 5 accessed 24 August 2011〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Terowie, South Australia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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