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Terra-3
Terra-3 is a former laser testing centre, located on the Sary Shagan anti-ballistic missile (ABM) testing range in the Karaganda Region of Kazakhstan. It was originally built to test missile defense concepts, but these attempts were dropped after the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty was signed. The site later hosted two modest devices used primarily for experiments in space tracking. Several other laser test sites were also active during this period. During the 1980s, officials within the United States Department of Defense (DoD) suggested it was the site of a prototypical anti-satellite weapon system.〔("Soviets could have laser able to blind US satellites" ), ''Gadsden Times'', 10 April 1984〕 The site was abandoned and is now partially disassembled.
==History==
Development of laser weapons in the Soviet Union began in 1964-1965. Among many proposals for laser weapons were an explosively pumped gas dynamic laser. Construction—consisting of a large concrete bunker lined with steel plates—was begun at Sary Shagan, but the facility was far from complete when the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty was signed in 1972, and these efforts ended.
The buildings were then re-purposed for more modest laser systems. Vympel NPO led the construction and developed the tracking and aiming systems. The lasers were developed at Astrofizika, a newly formed company formed from the laser departments of several defense contractors. They installed two lasers at the site, a visible-light ruby laser that was installed in 1979, and an infrared carbon dioxide laser that was installed in 1982. Tracking systems were tested by fitting aircraft with laser detectors and then looking for signals when the lasers fired. There were also tests against satellites that passed over the site, in an effort to demonstrate the ability to blind optical sensors.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica )〕 Instead, these experiments demonstrated the inability of the tracking system to point the lasers with the required level of accuracy in order to be effective.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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