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Terralingua is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization under U.S. tax law (#38-3291259) and a registered non-profit society in Canada based on Salt Spring Island in Vancouver, British Columbia whose mission is to support the integrated protection, maintenance and restoration of the biocultural diversity of life. Created in 1996, Terralingua's founders Luisa Maffi and Dave Harmon pioneered the concept and field of Biocultural Diversity, building on emergent ideas about the links between biological and cultural diversity. In 2001, Terralingua received the first foundation grant ever given explicitly for Biocultural Diversity research and applications—an unsolicited Ford Foundation grant that allowed the non-profit to establish a long-term program of work focused on five areas: Mapping biocultural diversity, measuring and monitoring biocultural diversity, maintaining biocultural diversity, networking for biocultural diversity,and promoting policies for biocultural diversity. ==History and beginnings== In 1996, the same year Terralingua launched its operations, it organized its first conference on biocultural diversity called "Endangered Languages, Endangered Knowledge, Endangered Environments." Held at the University of California, Berkeley, the conference brought together internationally recognized researchers and practitioners in the social, natural, linguistics, and behavioral sciences, as well as Indigenous thinkers and activists, to discuss the “converging extinction crisis” of the biocultural diversity of life. Within two years of being founded, Terralingua began to receive invitations to collaborate with major environmental and cultural organizations including World Wildlife Fund, United Nations Environment Programme, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, and other international, academic and research-based institutions, and museums. In 2003, Terralingua developed the first educational booklet on Biocultural Diversity, in collaboration with UNESCO 〔Sharing a World of Difference: The Earth’s Linguistic, Cultural, and Biological Diversity, T. Skutnabb-Kangas, L. Maffi, and Dave Harmon〕 Sharing a World of Difference: The Earth’s Linguistic, Cultural, and Biological Diversity, along with the companion map, The World’s Biocultural Diversity: People, Languages, and Ecosystems (UNESCO, 2003). A year later, Terralingua created the first (index ) jointly quantifying the global state of cultural diversity and biodiversity. The 〔Index of Biocultural Diversity〕 (Index of Biocultural Diversity ) independently confirmed the overlap between cultural and biological diversity based on five indicators: languages, religions, and ethnic groups (for cultural diversity), and bird/mammal species and plant species (for biological diversity). These indicators were selected because data were readily available for them. In 2008, in collaboration with IUCN and the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Terralingua co-organized a major follow-up symposium on Biocultural Diversity, "Sustaining Cultural and Biological Diversity in a Rapidly Changing World: Lessons for Public Policy", which was held at the AMNH headquarters in New York. Terralingua co-developed and co-sponsored the first international policy resolution focused on Biocultural Diversity, in which they requested that the IUCN, the world’s largest conservation organization, integrate cultural diversity with the conservation of biodiversity. The IUCN Member Assembly passed a motion to accept this request at the (4th World Conservation Congress ) in Barcelona, Spain in 2008. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Terralingua」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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