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Tetrapulmonata
Tetrapulmonata is a non-ranked supra-ordinal group of arachnids. It is composed of Thelyphonida, Schizomida, Amblypygi and Araneae. It is the only supra-ordinal group of arachnids that is strongly supported in molecular phylogenetic studies.〔 Jerome C. Regier, Jeffrey W. Shultz, Andreas Zwick, April Hussey, Bernard Ball, Regina Wetzer, Joel W. Martin & Clifford W. Cunningham. 2010. "Arthropod relationships revealed by phylogenomic analysis of nuclear protein-coding sequences". ''Nature'' 463(7284):1079-1083. 〕
==Etymology==
It receives its name from the presence of paired book lungs occupying the second and third opisthosomal segments, although the posterior pair is absent in Schizomida. Previous synonyms of this lineage are rejected; "Caulogastra Pocock, 1893" refers to pedicel, which is symplesiomorphic for the lineage and convergent with Solifugae, and "Arachnidea Van der Hammen, 1977" is easily confused with Arachnida. The clade is referred to as Pantetrapulmonata when the extinct trigonotarbid arachnids are included.
The name "Pulmonata" has been used for this group as recently as 2000, in the first paragraph of an article in Journal of Paleontology,〔 William A. Shear. 2000. "''Gigantocharinus szatmaryi'', a new trigonotarbid arachnid from the late Devonian of North America (Chelicerata, Arachnida, Trigonotarbida)". ''Journal of Paleontology'' 74(1):25-31. (Jan 2000). (See ''External links'' below). 〕 but this creates an ambiguity because Pulmonata is a group of gastropods.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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