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The Teufelsberg (German for ''Devil's Mountain'') is a hill in Berlin, Germany, in the Grunewald locality of former West Berlin. It rises about above the surrounding Teltow plateau and 120.1 m above the sea level, in the north of Berlin's Grunewald Forest. It was named after the Teufelssee (i.e. Devil's lake) in its southerly vicinity. ==History== It is an artificial hill with a curious history: It was heaped up after the Second World War from part of the rubble of Berlin, approximately all over the city, during the following twenty years as the city was cleared and rebuilt. After the Communist putsch in the city parliament of Greater Berlin (for all four sectors of Berlin) in September 1948, separate parliaments and magistrates (; city government) were formed for East and West Berlin. This also ended much of the cooperation between West Berlin and the state of Brandenburg, surrounding West Berlin in the North, West and South.〔Gerhard Keiderling, ("Berlin ist endlich trümmerfrei" ), in: (''Berlinische Monatsschrift'' ), retrieved on 4 march 2012.〕 While part of the rubble from destroyed quarters in East Berlin was deposited outside the city boundary, all the debris from West Berlin had to be dumped within the western boundary.〔 Due to the shortage of fuel in West Berlin the rubble transport stopped during the Berlin Blockade.〔Gerhard Keiderling, ("Trümmerfrauen und Trümmerbahnen" ), in: (''Berlinische Monatsschrift'' ), retrieved on 4 March 2012.〕 Its origin does not in itself make Teufelsberg unique, as there are many similar man-made rubble mounds in Germany (see Schuttberg) and other war-torn cities of Europe. The curiousness begins with what is buried underneath the hill: the never completed Nazi military-technical college (Wehrtechnische Fakultät) designed by Albert Speer. The Allies tried using explosives to demolish the school, but it was so sturdy that covering it with debris turned out to be easier. In June 1950 the West Berlin Magistrate decided to open a new rubble disposal on that site.〔 The disposal was planned for .〔 With the end of material shortages after the blockade the site was accessed by an average of 600 trucks daily, depositing a day.〔 On 14 November 1957 the ten millionth cubic metre arrived.〔 When in 1972 the site was closed to dumping, about of rubble, and to a lesser extent construction waste had been deposited there. The Senate of Berlin (West) then decided to plant greenery on it. The Teufelsberg was originally thought to be only high, as high as the highest natural elevation (Großer Müggelberg, cf. Müggelberge) within the borders of greater Berlin, and was the highest point in West Berlin.〔:de:Liste von Erhebungen in Berlin〕 New measurements show that Teufelsberg is actually high,〔("Abhörstation erforscht: Das Buch zum Berg" ) retrieved on 12 September 2013〕〔("Der Teufelsberg ist 120 Meter hoch!" ) retrieved on 12 September 2013〕 making it higher than Großer Müggelberg. In February 1955, a ski jump opened on the hill, designed by the ski jumper and architect Heini Klopfer.〔Stefan Gurk, ("Teufelsberg" ), on: (''Skisprungschanzen'' ), retrieved on 4 March 2012.〕 A larger ski jump opened March 4, 1962, offering space for 5,000 spectators.〔 Ski jumping ceased in 1969, allowing the ski jumps to fall into decay. The jumps were removed in 1999.〔 Teufelsberg has been a location for several recent movies and television programmes, such as ''The Gamblers'', ''Covert Affairs'' (2nd season episode titled "Uberlin") and ''We Are the Night'' in which the finale takes place on Teufelsberg. As in the whole of Grunewald Forest, wild boar frequently roam the hill. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Teufelsberg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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