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Thelwall is a suburban village in Warrington, Cheshire, England, located close to the Lymm junction of the M6. It is a popular misconception that Thelwall is the 'smallest city in England' (although Thelwall is not in fact a city, nor if it were would it be the smallest in England as the City of London, which truly is the smallest city in England, is marginally smaller). ==History== A fortified village was established at Thelwall in 923 during the reign of King Edward the Elder, which is mentioned in two very early sources, including the ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'': "Kynge Edwarde made a cite at Thelewall in ()e northe parte of ()e Marches, nye the water of Mersee, where he put certeyne knyghtes."--Higden's Polychronicon〔Edward the Elder ordered a burh to be built as a defence against the Danes. "Burh" means military fort but has been mistranslated by Higden leading to Thelwall being described as a “cite" (town or city).〕 "A.D. 923. This year went King Edward with an army, late in the harvest, to Thelwall; and ordered the borough to be repaired, and inhabited, and manned. And he ordered another army also from the population of Mercia, the while he sat there to go to Manchester in Northumbria, to repair and to man it. This year died Archbishop Plegmund; and King Reynold won York."--''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle''〔(The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, ca. 1130. )〕 An inscription on the Pickering Arms〔(Pickering Arms )〕 records that "In the year 920 King Edward the Elder founded a city here and called it Thelwall". According to Sir Peter Leycester it was "so called from the stakes and stumps, cut from the trees, wherewith it was environed about as a wall".〔Coward, T. A. (1903) ''Picturesque Cheshire''. London: Sherratt & Hughes; p. 30〕 It is more likely that the original meaning of Thelwall was "pool by a plank bridge" (the earliest record of the name is in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for 923 as "Thelwæl", in 1241 it occurs as "Thelewell").〔Ekwall, E. (1940) ''The Concise Dictionary of English Place-names''; 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press; p. 443〕 Earthworks remain of an embankment, possibly part of these fortifications, found in the grounds of Chaigeley School.〔(Chaigeley School )〕 These remains are a designated English Heritage National Monument.〔(Monument No. 73074. ) National Heritage website.〕 At Thelwall derive many stories of ghosts, since many of the old buildings still remain in the area: sightings are relayed from the local pub, "The Little Manor". However, there are stories of witches at the well of the "Old White House"〔(The Meeting Place North )〕 too, on the outskirts of Thelwall.〔(Thelwall: Smallest City in England )〕 Thomas de Thelwall, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1377-8, was born here in the early fourteenth century. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thelwall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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