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Theveste was a Roman colony in Berber north Africa.〔(Photos of Theveste )〕 Its modern name is Tébessa, Algeria ==History== In 146 BC Romans conquered the region, where existed an old city called "Tbessa". Theveste was founded by the Romans in 75 AD near an old Berber village, next to the Aures mountains in order to control the mountain region. During the 1st century CE, the Legio III ''Augusta'' 〔(Legio III Augusta )〕 resided there before being transferred to Lambaesis. It was made a colonia probably under Trajan.〔(Treccani: Theveste (in Italian) )〕 Theveste flourished under Septimius Severus reaching a population calculated in nearly 30,000 inhabitants, and was even an important Dioceses See. There is mention of a council held there by the Donatists. Among its saints were St Lucius, its bishop, who in 256 AD assisted at the Council of Carthage and died as a martyr two years later; St Maximilianus, martyred 12 March, 295 AD; St Crispina, martyred 5 December, 304 AD.〔(St. Crispina )〕 Some of its bishops are known: Romulus in 349 AD; Urbicus in 411 AD; Felix exiled by the Vandals in 484 AD; Palladius mentioned in an inscription. During the 4th and 5th century AD Thebeste was a centre of Manichaeism as well. In June 1918 a codex of 26 leaves written in Latin by Manichaeans was discovered in a cave near the city.〔A month later Henri Omont found the missing initial 13 leaves. The whole book is now known as the Tebessa codex and it is kept in Cologne. It has been edited by Markus Stein (Bonn).〕 Theveste was damaged by the Vandals, but it was rebuilt at the beginning of the reign of Justinian I by the patrician Solomon, who built a tomb there which still exists. It was nearly destroyed by the Arabs, but a small village (probably initially populated by a few surviving Christian Berbers) remained for centuries.〔Under the Ottoman Empire, Theveste had a garrison of Janizaries. In 1851 it has been occupied by the French. Under the name of Tebessa it became the capital of a canton of the Department of Constantine in Algeria.〕 Modern Tebessa is very rich in ancient monuments, among them being a triumphal arch of Caracalla, a temple, a Christian basilica of the 4th century and the huge walls. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Theveste」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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