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Thihathu
Thihathu ((ビルマ語:သီဟသူ), ; 1265–1325) was a co-founder of the Myinsaing Kingdom, and the founder of the Pinya Kingdom in today's central Burma (Myanmar).〔Coedès 1968: 209〕 Thihathu was the youngest and most ambitious of the three brothers that successfully defended central Burma from Mongol invasions in 1287 and in 1300–01. He and his brothers toppled the regime at Pagan in 1297, and co-ruled central Burma. After his eldest brother Athinkhaya's death in 1310, Thihathu pushed aside the middle brother Yazathingyan, and took over as the sole ruler of central Burma. His decision to designate his adopted son Uzana I heir-apparent caused his eldest biological son, Saw Yun to set up a rival power center in Sagaing in 1315. Although Saw Yun nominally remained loyal to his father, after Thihathu's death in 1325, the two houses of Myinsaing officially became rival kingdoms in central Burma.
==Early life==
Thihathu was born in 1265 to a prominent family in Myinsaing in Central Burma. His father Theinkha Bo was a younger brother of the ''sawbwa'' (chief) of Binnaka, and had fled to Myinsaing after a dispute with his brother in 1260. Traditional (British colonial era) scholarship identifies his father as an ethnic Shan.〔Phayre 1967: 57〕〔Harvey 1925: 76〕 But the historian Michael Aung-Thwin has rejected the assertion, given that no historical evidence any kind exists to support the claim.〔(Aung-Thwin 1996: 884–885): Arthur Phayre was the first one to make the assertion, based purely on the chronicles' use of ''sawbwa'', equating the office with ethnicity. GE Harvey (Harvey 1925: 76) inserted the word "Shan", in what he claimed was the direct quote from Hmannan, which says no such thing. In all, no historical evidence of any kind (in Burmese, Shan or anything else) that indicates the ethnicity of their father or the three brothers exists.〕 At any rate, Theinkha Bo married a daughter of a wealthy banker at Myinsaing.〔(Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 254): His mother was from a wealthy but commoner ''athi'' (အသည်) family. (Aung-Thwin 1996: 884): The ''athi'' were a class of people not attached to the crown or the ''sangha''.〕 Thihathu was the third child of the couple's four children. He had two elder brothers Athinkhaya and Yazathingyan and a younger sister Hla Myat.〔Chronicles ''Zatadawbon Yazawin'' (Zata 1960: 42) and ''Maha Yazawin'' (Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 258–259) both say that Yazathingyan was the eldest, followed by Athinkhaya, Thihathu and their sister. But ''Yazawin Thit'' (Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 156–157) corrects it based on a contemporary inscription. Subsequent chronicles (''Hmannan'', ''Dutiya Hmannan'') and scholarship accept Athinkhaya as the eldest.〕
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