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In Norse mythology, Thor (; from Old Norse Þórr) is a hammer-wielding god associated with thunder, lightning, storms, oak trees, strength, the protection of mankind, and also hallowing, healing and fertility. The cognate deity in wider Germanic mythology and paganism was known in Old English as Þunor and in Old High German as Donar (runic þonar ), stemming from a Common Germanic *Þunraz (meaning "thunder"). Ultimately stemming from Proto-Indo-European religion, Thor is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples, from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania, to the tribal expansions of the Migration Period, to his high popularity during the Viking Age, when, in the face of the process of the Christianization of Scandinavia, emblems of his hammer, Mjölnir, were worn in defiance and Norse pagan personal names containing the name of the god bear witness to his popularity. Into the modern period, Thor continued to be acknowledged in rural folklore throughout Germanic regions. Thor is frequently referred to in place names, the day of the week Thursday ("Thor's day"; Old English ''Thunresdæg'', Thunor's day; German "Donnerstag" Donar's day; Dutch "Donderdag") bears his name, and names stemming from the pagan period containing his own continue to be used today. In Norse mythology, largely recorded in Iceland from traditional material stemming from Scandinavia, numerous tales and information about Thor are provided. In these sources, Thor bears at least fourteen names, is the husband of the golden-haired goddess Sif, is the lover of the jötunn Járnsaxa, and is generally described as fierce-eyed, red-haired and red-bearded.〔On the red beard and the use of "Redbeard" as an epithet for Thor, see H.R. Ellis Davidson, ''Gods and Myths of Northern Europe'', 1964, repr. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin, 1990, ISBN 0-14-013627-4, (p. 85 ), citing the ''Saga of Olaf Tryggvason'' in ''Flateyjarbók'', ''Saga of Erik the Red'', and ''Flóamanna saga''. The Prologue to the ''Prose Edda'' says ambiguously that "His hair is more beautiful than gold."〕 With Sif, Thor fathered the goddess (and possible valkyrie) Þrúðr; with Járnsaxa, he fathered Magni; with a mother whose name is not recorded, he fathered Móði, and he is the stepfather of the god Ullr. The same sources list Thor as the son of the god Odin and the personified earth, Fjörgyn, and by way of Odin, Thor has numerous brothers. Thor has two servants, Þjálfi and Röskva, rides in a cart or chariot pulled by two goats, Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr (that he eats and resurrects), and is ascribed three dwellings (Bilskirnir, Þrúðheimr, and Þrúðvangr). Thor wields the mountain-crushing hammer, Mjölnir, wears the belt Megingjörð and the iron gloves Járngreipr, and owns the staff Gríðarvölr. Thor's exploits, including his relentless slaughter of his foes and fierce battles with the monstrous serpent Jörmungandr—and their foretold mutual deaths during the events of Ragnarök—are recorded throughout sources for Norse mythology. Thor has inspired numerous works of art and references to Thor appear in modern popular culture. Like other Germanic deities, veneration of Thor is revived in the modern period in Heathenry. ==Name== Old Norse ''Þórr'', Old English ''ðunor'', Old High German ''Donar'', Old Saxon ''thunar'', and Old Frisian ''thuner'' are cognates within the Germanic language branch, descending from the Proto-Germanic masculine noun '' *þunraz'' 'thunder'.〔Orel (2003:429).〕 The name of the god is the origin of the weekday name ''Thursday''. By employing a practice known as ''interpretatio germanica'' during the Roman Empire period, the Germanic peoples adopted the Roman weekly calendar, and replaced the names of Roman gods with their own. Latin ''dies Iovis'' ('day of Jupiter') was converted into Proto-Germanic *''Þonares dagaz'' ("Thor's day"), from which stems modern English "Thursday" and all other Germanic weekday cognates.〔Simek (2007:333).〕 Beginning in the Viking Age, personal names containing the theonym ''Thórr'' are recorded with great frequency. Prior to the Viking Age, no examples are recorded. ''Thórr''-based names may have flourished during the Viking Age as a defiant response to attempts at Christianization, similar to the widescale Viking Age practice of wearing Thor's hammer pendants.〔Simek (2007:321).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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