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The Malabar Independent Syrian Church, also known as the Thozhiyur Sabha (Church), is a Christian church centred in Kerala, India. It is one of the churches of the Saint Thomas Christian community, which traces its origins to the evangelical activity of Thomas the Apostle in the 1st century. Considered part of the Syriac Orthodox Group of churches in India, the church split from the main body of India's Malankara Church in 1772. The church obtained its current name after a court verdict in 1862; although the church is independent under the Malankara umbrella, the church faith and traditions are strictly Oriental Orthodox, adhering to the West Syrian Rite and consistently using western Syriac and Malayalam during the Holy Qurbana (Qurbono Qadisho). Today the church remains small, with about 35,000 members, and maintains good relations with the other Malankara churches. The members of the Church are known as Nazaranis or Marthoma Suriyani Nazarani. ==History== (詳細はThomas the Apostle, who according to tradition proselytized in India in the 1st century. By the 7th century they were part of the Church of the East, centred in Persia.〔Baum, p. 53.〕 The entire community remained united until the 17th century, when disputes with the Portuguese ''padroado'' in India led to the Coonan Cross Oath of 1653 and the division of the Saint Thomas Christians into Catholic and independent branches.〔Neill, p. 214.〕〔Neill, p. 319.〕 The independent branch, known as the Malankara Church, forged a relationship with the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch.〔("Christians of Saint Thomas" ). ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved 9 February 2010.〕 However, relations between the Syriac Orthodox hierarchy and the native clergy were sometimes strained. In 1772 Bishop Mar Gregorios, a representative of the Syriac Orthodox hierarchy from the Middle East, had grown dissatisfied with how the Metropolitan Mar Dionysius I had treated him. Against Dionysius' wishes, Gregorios consecrated as bishop a leading dissenter, the monk Kattumangatt Kurien, in a secret but canonically legitimate ceremony. The new bishop took the name Mar Cyril (Koorilos), and he was designated Gregorios' sole heir.〔Neill, p. 70.〕 Cyril claimed authority over the parishes of Cochin, and initially received the support of the Raja of Cochin. However, Dionysus saw him as a threat to his power, and in 1774 he appealed to the Raja and to the British authorities in India to suppress the rival bishop.〔〔Vadakkekara, p. 92.〕 Cyril left for Thozhiyur, outside their jurisdiction, and established what would become an independent church.〔Burgess, p. 175.〕 This was the first of several churches to split off from the Malankara Church.〔 Cyril's church was always small, but maintained stability by attracting devoted priests and emphasizing regularity in the ecclesiastical order. In 1794 Cyril consecrated his brother Geevarghese as bishop; Geevarghese succeeded Cyril as Mar Cyril II in 1802, and the succession has proceeded unbroken since.〔 As a result of an 1862 court case, the Madras High Court confirmed the Thozhiyur church was independent Malankara church, and it has subsequently been known as the Malabar Independent Syrian Church.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Malabar Independent Syrian Church」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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