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Tanager
The tanagers (singular ) comprise the bird family Thraupidae, in the order Passeriformes. The family has an American distribution. The Thraupidae are the second-largest family of birds and represent about 4% of all avian species and 12% of the Neotropical birds.〔Burns, K.J. ''et al''. (2014) (Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds ). ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution''.〕 Traditionally, about 240 species of tanagers were described, but the taxonomic treatment of this family's members is currently in a state of flux. As more of these birds are studied using modern molecular techniques, some genera are expected to be relocated elsewhere. Already, species in the genera ''Euphonia'' and ''Chlorophonia'', which were once considered part of the tanager family, are now treated as members of Fringillidae, in their own subfamily (Euphoniinae). Likewise, the genera ''Piranga'' (which includes the scarlet tanager, summer tanager, and western tanager), ''Chlorothraupis'', and ''Habia'' appear to be members of the cardinal family,〔Yuri & Mindell (2002)〕 and have been reassigned to that family by the AOU.
==Description==
Tanagers are small to medium-sized birds. The shortest-bodied species, the white-eared conebill, is long and weighs 7 grams, barely smaller than the short-billed honeycreeper. The longest, the magpie tanager is and weighs . The heaviest is the white-capped tanager which weighs and measures about . Both sexes are usually the same size and weight. Tanagers are often brightly colored, but some species are black and white. Birds in their first year are often duller or a different color altogether. Males are typically more brightly colored than females. Most tanagers have short, rounded wings. The shape of the bill seems to be linked to the species' foraging habits.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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