| 翻訳と辞書 |
Thumos
''Thumos'' (also commonly spelled "thymos"; ) is a Greek word expressing the concept of "spiritedness" (as in "spirited stallion" or "spirited debate"). The word indicates a physical association with breath or blood. The word is also used to express the human desire for recognition.
In Homer's works, ''thumos'' was used to denote emotions, desire, or an internal urge. ''Thumos'' was a permanent possession of living man, to which his thinking and feeling belonged. When a Homeric hero is under emotional stress he may externalize his ''thumos'', conversing with it or scolding it.()
Plato's ''Phaedrus'' and his later work ''The Republic'' discuss ''thumos'' as one of the three constituent parts of the human psyche. In the ''Phaedrus'', Plato depicts ''logos'' as a charioteer driving the two horses ''eros'' and ''thumos'' (i.e. erotic love and spiritedness are to be guided by logos). "In the ''Republic'' (Book IV) soul ... becomes divided into ''nous'' ("intellect"), ''thumos'' ("passion"), and ''epithumia'' ("appetite"”). To its appetitive part are ascribed bodily desires; ''thumos'' is the emotional element in virtue of which we feel anger, fear, etc.; ''nous'' is (or should be) the controlling part which subjugates the appetites with the help of ''thumos''."() (See Plato's tripartite theory of soul.)
== Megalothymia and isothymia ==
Megalothymia refers to the need to be recognized as superior to others, while isothymia is the need to be recognized as merely equal to others. Both terms are neoclassical compounds.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Thumos」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|