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Thurzó family
Thurzó or Turzo (German; (ハンガリー語:Thurzó); (スロバキア語:Turzo); (ポーランド語:Turzonowie)) was a Hungarian noble family from the 15th century to the first half of the 17th century. It was in Kraków (Cracow) that the rise of the Thurzó family began, and the family in turn boosted that city into an important center of business, science, and Renaissance high culture. The family's long-term involvement in capitalist enterprises, high-level politics, the affairs of the Church, and its patronage of the arts made the family rich, famous and powerful well beyond the city. Its achievements resembled the Medici family in Italy and France, perhaps the Fugger family in Germany. Key family patriarchs were Johann Thurzó (1437-1508) and his sons Johann (1466-1520), bishop of Breslau/Wroclaw, and Stanislaus (1471-1540), bishop of Olmütz/Olomouc. Karen Lambrecht argues that the family's most important role was in facilitating "intercultural communications." That is they used their vast network of friends, clients and allies to introduce new concepts in the arts, facilitate the exchange of ideas among scientists, and open contacts among different high status social groups.〔Karen Lambrecht, "Aufstiegschancen und Handlungsräume in Ostmitteleuropäischen Zentren um 1500: Das Beispiel Der Unternehmerfamilie Thurzo," ''Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung'' 1998 47(3): 317-346. Issn: 0948-8294; not online〕
==Origins==
The ancestors of the Thurzó family were perhaps Germans,〔Jacob Strieder, (Jacob Fugger the Rich: Merchant and Banker of Augsburg, 1459-1525 ), Beard Books, 2001, p.113〕 come from Lower Austria.〔Jacqueline Glomski, ''Patronage and humanist literature in the age of the Jagiellons: court and career in the writings of Rudolf Agricola Junior, Valentin Eck, and Leonard Cox'' (University of Toronto Press, 2007), p. 261 (online ) Citation: "The family emigrated from Lower Austria (Niederösterreich) into the Tatra mountains"〕
Their original land holdings were located around the village of Betlenfalva in the Szepes county (today Betlanovce, Spiš region). From the end of the 15th century, they were mostly businessmen and entrepreneurs in Kraków, Levoča, Szepes, Gemer, central Upper Hungary, Transylvania, Bohemia and Germany.
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