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}} |other_name = |settlement_type = Prefecture-level city |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = Tianshui train station 20090226.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Tianshui train station in winter 2009 |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = Location of Tianshui Prefecture within Gansu (China).png |mapsize = |map_caption = Location of Tianshui City jurisdiction in Gansu |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |coordinates_region = CN-62 |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = People's Republic of China |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Gansu |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |seat_type = Municipal seat |seat = Qinzhou District |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 14300 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of =2010 |population_footnotes =〔( Main data bulletin of the sixth national census in 2010 ), 2011-05-09〕 |population_note = |population_total = 3262548 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +8 |coordinates_display = inline,title |latd= 34|latm= 35|lats=|latNS=N |longd=105|longm=44|longs= |longEW=E |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 1171 |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 741000 |area_code = 0938 |blank_name = Licence plate prefixes |blank_info = E |website = |footnotes = }} Tianshui ((中国語:天水)) is the second-largest city in the China's Gansu Province. Tianshui's population is approximately 3.5 million. ==History== Qin, whose House of Ying were the founding dynasty of the Chinese empire, developed from Quanqiu (present-day Lixian) to the south. After the invasions of the Rong which unseated the Western Zhou, Qin recovered the territory of Tianshui from the nomads. It became an important region of their duchy and, later, kingdom.〔''People's Daily Online''. "(Chinese surname history: Qin )".〕 Characteristically Qin tombs have been excavated at Fangmatan nearby, including one 2200-year-old map of Qin's Gui County.〔''Xinhua Online''. "(Over 2,200-Year-old Map Discovered in NW China )".〕 Under the Qin Empire, the area was part of Longxi Commandery but the Emperor Wu of the Han separated the region as the Tianshui Commandery as part of his expansion towards the Tarim Basin. The general Li Guang came from the city. The Han conquests and explorations eventually resulted in the development of the Northern Silk Road: Tianshui formed its junction with the Wei River, after which it followed the road past Mount Long to Chang'an (present-day Xi'an).〔Hogan, C. Michael. ''The Megalithic Portal''. "(Silk Road, North China )".〕 Nearby are the Maijishan Grottoes, filled with thousands of Buddhist sculptures representing figures such as Buddha and the original male form of Guanyin, produced between the Wei and Song dynasties by monks travelling along the road and by local Buddhists.〔Shrotriya, Alok & al. "(Artistic treasures of Maiji Mountain caves )".〕 During the Northern Wei, the city was known as Hanyang and was the center of the Hanyang Commandery. During the Western Wei, this name was changed to Hanyang County. During the Tang and Five Dynasties, the city of Tianshui was known as Shanggui (). It alternated with Chengji (present-day Qin'an) as the capital of the province of Qinzhou ().〔Dudbridge, Glen. ''A Portrait of Five Dynasties China: From the Memoirs of Wang Renyu (880–956)'', (pp. 8 ff. ) Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2013. Accessed 14 Dec 2013.〕 Li County was separated from Tianshui's jurisdiction during the ninth year of Chenghua ( 1473) during the Ming dynasty. Under Qinzhou 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tianshui」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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