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}} |settlement_type = Municipality |total_type = Municipality |image_skyline = Tianjin montage.jpg |image_caption = Clockwise from top: Jinwan Square, Tianjin Financial Center and Hai River, Xikai Church, Panorama of downtown Tianjin, Tianjin Railroad Station, Tianjin Eye |image_map = Tianjin in China (+all claims hatched).svg |map_caption = Location of Tianjin Municipality within China |image_map1 = |map_caption1 = |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_region = CN-12 |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = People's Republic of China |established_title = Settled |established_date = ca. 340 BC |parts_type = Divisions - County-level - Township- level |parts = 15 districts, 1 county 240 towns and villages |government_type = Municipality |leader_title = CPC Secretary |leader_name = Huang Xingguo |leader_title1 = Mayor |leader_name1 = Huang Xingguo |leader_title2 = Congress Chairman |leader_name2 = Xiao Huaiyuan |leader_title3 = Conference Chairman |leader_name3 = Zang Xianpu |area_total_km2 = 11760 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_urban_km2 =174.9 |area_metro_km2 =5606.9 |area_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_footnotes = |population_total = 15,200,000 |population_as_of = 2014 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_urban = 11,524,238 |population_urban_density_km2 = auto |population_metro_density_km2 = auto |population_demonym = Tianjinese Tianjiner |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +8 |coor_type = |latd= 39 |latm=08 |latNS=N |longd=117 |longm=11 |longEW=E |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 300000 – 301900 |area_code = 22 |blank_name_sec1 = GDP |blank_info_sec1 = 2014 |blank1_name_sec1 = - Total |blank1_info_sec1 = CNY1.572 trillion (US$255.95 billion) (17th) |blank2_name_sec1 = - Per capita |blank2_info_sec1 = CNY 106,795 (US$17,385) (1st) |blank3_name_sec1 = HDI (2010) |blank3_info_sec1 = 0.795 (3rd) – high |blank4_name_sec1 = Licence plate prefixes |blank4_info_sec1 = A, B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M E (taxis) |blank_name_sec2 = City flower |blank_info_sec2 = Chinese rose |website = }} Tianjin (; ; Tianjinese: ; postal: Tientsin) is a metropolis in coastal northeastern China and one of the five national central cities of China, with a total municipal population of 15,200,000. It is governed as one of the four direct-controlled municipalities of the PRC, and is thus under direct administration of the central government. Tianjin borders Hebei Province and Beijing Municipality, bounded to the east by the Bohai Gulf portion of the Yellow Sea. Part of the Bohai Economic Rim, it is the largest coastal city in northern China. In terms of urban population, Tianjin is the fourth largest in China, after Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou. In terms of administrative area population, Tianjin ranks fifth in Mainland China. The walled city of Tianjin was built in 1404. As a treaty port since 1860, Tianjin has been a major seaport and gateway to the nation's capital. During the Boxer Rebellion the city was the seat of the Tianjin Provisional Government. In the period of late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China, Tianjin became one of the largest cities in China. At that time, numerous western-style buildings and mansions were constructed in concessions, many of which are well-preserved today. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tianjin suffered a depression due to the policy of the central government and Tangshan earthquake, but recovered from 1990s.〔(天津河北人才被空吸 本地发展缓慢世界罕见 )，搜狐网，2010年8月20日〕 Nowadays Tianjin is a dual-core city, with its main urban area (including the old city) located along the Hai River, which connects to the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers via the Grand Canal; and Binhai, a New Area urban core located east of the old city, on the coast of Bohai Sea. As of the end of 2010, around 285 Fortune 500 companies have set up base in Binhai, which is a new growth pole in China and is a hub of advanced industry and financial activity. ==History== The land where Tianjin is located today was created in ancient times by sedimentation of various rivers entering the sea at Bohai Gulf, including the Yellow River which entered the sea in this area at one point. Before this time, it was open sea. There are diverse viewpoints for the origin of the name, "Tianjin". One version states that "Tianjin" as a word initially appeared in the poems of Qu Yuan, a famous patriotic poet of Chu State in the Warring States period. In his masterpiece ''Li Sao'', there is a verse, ”At dawn, departing from the Port of the Heaven” (). Another view is that "Tianjin" also used to be a name of constellation in the Chinese traditional astronomical system as recorded in the Astronomy Record in the Book of Sui. A third view states that "Tianjin" was recorded in the River Record in History of the Jin. The Origin from Emperor’s Name-giving-This perhaps is the most reliable point of view. Tianjin means literally The Ferry Site of Emperor (The Son of Heaven). It was said that the Yongle Emperor, who was one of the sons of the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming dynasty, before his enthronement for getting the crown of the Emperor, launched a war against the Jianwen Emperor, the grandson and successor of the Hongwu Emperor, in Nanjing. He departed from the Gu River of Tianjin and, after his success in enthronement, gave his departure site a name: Tianjin. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tianjin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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