|
Timosthenes of Rhodes (Greek: ) (fl. 270 BCE) was a Greek navigator and geographer. In the 280s-270s BCE, Timosthenes served as the admiral and chief pilot of the navy of King Ptolemy II Philadelphus of Egypt. He wrote a periplus (a book of sailing directions) in ten books (now lost), and was much admired and cited by other geographers such as Eratosthenes and Strabo.〔e.g. Strabo (vol. II), Aczel (2001) ''Riddle of the Compass'', New York: Harcourt, p.42-44〕 Indeed, Marcian of Heraclea went so far as to accuse Eratosthenes' ''Geographica'' of being nothing but the wholesale plagiarism of Timosthenes work.〔E.H. Bunbury,(1879) ''A History of Ancient Geography among the Greeks and Romans: from the earliest ages till the fall of the Roman Empire''. New York: Murray ((p.588 ))〕 Strabo says only that Eratosthenes preferred Timosthenes "above any other writer, though he often decides even against him."〔Strabo (Bk. 2, c.1, s.40:(p.139 ))〕 According to the later Greek geographer Agathemerus (fl.250 CE), Timosthenes of Rhodes developed a system of twelve winds by adding four winds to the classical eight, introducing the complete 12-point Classical compass winds of Classical Antiquity.〔Agathemerus ''Geographia'', Lib.1, ((Ch.2 p.178 ))〕 Timosthenes was arguably the first of the Greek geographers to use the winds for geographic orientation, rather than merely as meteorological phenomena. Strabo reports that Timosthenes wrote a "Pythian mood" for a musical contest at the Pythian games at Delphi. Timosthenes's strain, accompanied by flute and cithara, celebrated the contest between Apollo and the serpent Python.〔Strabo (vol. II, Bk. 9.c.3.s9, (p.120 ))〕 Mount Timosthenes in Antarctica is named after him. . ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Timosthenes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|