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Tiradentes
Joaquim José da Silva Xavier ((:ʒwaˈkĩ ʒuˈzɛ dɐ ˈsiwvɐ ʃɐviˈɛʁ)), known as Tiradentes (November 12, 1746 – April 21, 1792, ), was a leading member of the Brazilian revolutionary movement known as the Inconfidência Mineira whose aim was full independence from the Portuguese colonial power and to create a Brazilian republic. When the plan was discovered, Tiradentes was arrested, tried and publicly hanged. Since the 19th century he has been considered a national hero of Brazil and patron of the Military Police.
==Family and early occupation==
Born to a poor family in a farm in Pombal, Ritápolis, near to São João del Rey, Minas Gerais, Tiradentes was adopted by his godfather and moved to Vila Rica (now Ouro Preto) after the deaths of his parents (mother in 1755; father in 1757).
Tiradentes was raised by a tutor, who was a surgeon. His lack of formal education didn't stop him from working in several fields, including dental medicine; Tiradentes means "tooth puller",〔from the Portuguese words ''tirar'' (to take or remove) and ''dentes'' (teeth)〕 a pejorative denomination adopted during the trial against him. He practiced several professions—cattle driver, miner, dentist—and was a member of the Minas Gerais Dragoon Regiment. As Tiradentes was not a member of the local aristocracy, he was systematically overlooked for promotion and never rose above the rank of ''alferes'' (2nd lieutenant).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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