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Thiruvananthapuram
Thiruvananthapuram (Malayalam:തിരുവനതപുരം ''Tiruvaṉantapuram'', ), also known as Trivandrum, is the capital city of the Indian state of Kerala. It is the largest and the most populous city corporation in Kerala and the fifth largest urban agglomeration in Kerala.〔http://www.census2011.co.in/urbanagglomeration 〕 It is on the west coast of India near the extreme south of the mainland. Referred to by Mahatma Gandhi as the "evergreen city of India",〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Thiruvananthapuram India )〕 it is characterised by its undulating terrain of low coastal hills and busy commercial alleys. With a population of 957,730 inhabitants, it is the largest city corporation in Kerala. Thiruvananthapuram contributes nearly 80% of the state's software exports and is a major IT hub.
The city is home to central and state government offices and organisations. Apart from being the political nerve centre of Kerala, it is an academic hub and is home to several educational institutions including the University of Kerala and the Trivandrum medical college and to many science and technology institutions, the most prominent being the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), College of Engineering Thiruvananthapuram (CET), College of Architecture (C.A.T), Sree Chitra Thirunal College of Engineering (SCTCE),the Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (JNTBGRI), Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Technopark, the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST),〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.iist.ac.in/ )〕 the Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Kerala, Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research (IISER),〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://iisertvm.ac.in/ )〕 the Centre for Development Studies, the Centre for Development of Imaging Technology (C-DIT), the National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, the International Centre for Free and Open Source Software〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Malayalam News, Kerala News, Latest Malayalam News, Latest Kerala News, Breaking News, Online News, Malayalam Online News, Kerala Politics, Business News, Movie News, Malayalam Movie News, News Headlines, Malayala Manorama Newspaper, Breaking Malayalam News, )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A decade of FOSS in State )〕 (ICFOSS), the Centre for Earth Science Studies, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology and the Sree Chitira Thirunal Institute for Medical Science and Technology.
Considered one of the 10 greenest cities in India, Thiruvananthapuram is classified as a tier-II Indian city along with Kochi and was ranked as the best city in Kerala to live in a 2012 ''Times of India'' survey. The city was also ranked as the best city in India for Housing and Transport by a survey conducted by India Today.
==Toponymy==
The city gets its name from the Malayalam word ''thiru-anantha-puram'' , meaning the "City of Lord Ananta."〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.corporationoftrivandrum.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=158&Itemid=11 )〕 The name derives from the deity of the Sri Padmanabhaswamy temple at the centre of the city. Anantha is the serpent Shesha on whom Padmanabha or Vishnu reclines. This temple of Vishnu reclining on Anantha remains the city's iconic landmark. It is estimated that the value of the monumental items and assets of the temple partially revealed are close to , making it the richest temple in the world. The city was officially referred to as ''Trivandrum'' until 1991, when the government decided to reinstate the city's original name Thiruvananthapuram.
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