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Tividale is a village in Sandwell, West Midlands. == History == The village was in the parish of St Michael named after the church built there. It was created in 1878 as an extension of the town of Tipton in the county of Staffordshire, England. It was originally set around the main Dudley to Oldbury road, with several hundred terraced houses with shop fronts on the main road, as well as many more on the side streets running off. Rattlechain Brickworks were opened in about 1895 on a site near Sedgley Road East, in the shadow New Main Line Canal which links Wolverhampton with Birmingham. Quarrying of land next to the brickworks led to a section of the Main Line Canal into the marlhole of the Brickworks, emptying out six miles of canal and causing thousands of pounds worth of damage, although nobody was injured. Another marlhole was created in 1948 and despite the subsequent closure and demolition of the brickworks, the marlhole remained in use as a disposal site for local factories, and is still known locally as Rattlechain Lagoon. Since the late 1990s, there has been growing local concern about Rattlechain Lagoon, with numerous dead birds being found at the site. Their death was linked to poisoning from chemicals disposed of in the water, which included white phosphorus. Nearby residents, including those of a recent new housing development by Barratt Homes, feared that the proximity of their homes to Rattlechain Lagoon could render them unsellable. Tividale began to expand during the 1930s and was developed beyond Tipton's borders into Dudley, namely with the Tividale Hall Estate (private) and the Grace Mary Estate (council). After the Second World War, further housing developments, mostly by the local authority, saw these two housing estates effectively merged. Tividale Tram workshops opened along the main Tividale Road (a tram route) in 1907, and operated until 1930. The tramway closed in 1939, as trams were phased out in favour of motor buses. There were several air raids on Tividale during the Second World War, including a landmine which on 12 August 1941 destroyed a pair of recently built semi-detached houses on Birch Crescent, killing a six-year-old girl in a house opposite,〔()〕 as well as three people in the two destroyed houses; a 49-year-old woman in a second, and a married couple in a third.The houses were later rebuilt in the same style, while several surrounding houses suffered damage from the impact of the bombing and were repaired. On 19 November 1940, a landmine was dropped in City Road, ripping into a section of recently built council houses. Four houses were completely reduced to rubble and several others suffered severe damage. A total of 10 people died, including all five members of the Roberts family; 11-year-old Ada her 33-year-old mother Mary 37-year-old father Sidney, eight-year-old brother Geoffrey and nine-year-old brother Sidney junior. Samuel and Beatrice Millington, a married couple in their forties, also died at the scene; their 20-year-old son Samuel junior was pulled alive from the house but died in hospital from his injuries the next day. The only surviving member of the family was the youngest son, 17-year-old Sidney. Also killed were a 17-year-old man and five-year-old boy, both from different families. According to one source, the bodies of some of the nine people killed outright were never found and one victim's body was reportedly blown into a nearby tree. Two residents of one badly damaged house escaped injury despite standing on the doorstep of his house when it was half demolished by the landmine. Several other people survived injuries in this attack. The wrecked houses were later rebuilt in the same style. On 21 December 1940, the Boat Inn on Dudley Road East was hit by an anti-aircraft shell from the guns at Rowley Regis, resulting the deaths of 12 people who were attending a wedding reception there. A 15-year-old boy, along with his 26-year-old brother a 36-year-old woman, 28-year-old man, a married couple and a 38-year-old man died at the scene. A 16-year-old girl died just after arriving at hospital, as did a 19-year-old man. A 30-year-old woman died in hospital from her injuries the next day, and a 19-year-old woman died in hospital from her injuries two days later, as did a 20-year-old woman. A 20-year-old man in a neighbouring house was also injured as a result of the explosion and died in hospital the next day.The Boat Inn was rebuilt several years afterwards but demolished in 2004. A total of 27 people died as a result of air raids at Tividale during the Second World War, and dozens more were injured. The Netherton Tunnel runs under Tividale. Evidence of the tunnel is shown by the 'pepperpots' that can be seen near the site of the former Hangsmans Tree site and in Aston Road, Regent Road and Packwood Road on the Tividale Hall Estate. Several quarries on the edge of the Tividale area were a source of stone known as the 'Rowley rag'. Turner's Hill, in neighbouring Rowley Regis, is the site of the only remaining quarry. In 1966, Tipton became part of West Bromwich County Borough, but the bulk of Tividale was split between the boroughs of West Bromwich and Warley. Since 1974, it has been part of Sandwell Metropolitan Borough in the West Midlands county. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tividale」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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