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| imagesize = | caption = | latd = 27 | latm = 34 | lats = | longd = 151 | longm = 57 | longs = | pushpin_label_position = left | pop = 113,625 | pop_year = 2014 | pop_footnotes= 〔 Estimated resident population, 30 June 2014.〕 | poprank = 16th | density = 948.26 | est = 1840s | postcode = 4350 | elevation = 691 | elevation_footnotes = | area = 116.5 | lga = Toowoomba Region | stategov = Toowoomba North | stategov2 = Toowoomba South | stategov3 = Condamine | fedgov = Groom | county = Aubigny | dist1 = 132 | dir1 = | location1 = Brisbane | timezone = AEST | utc = +10 | maxtemp = 22.6 | maxtemp_footnotes = 〔 | mintemp = 11.4 | mintemp_footnotes = 〔 | rainfall = 944 | rainfall_footnotes = 〔 }} Toowoomba (nicknamed 'The Garden City') is a city in the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia. It is located west of Queensland's capital city Brisbane by road. The estimated urban population of Toowoomba as at June 2014 was 113,625.〔 A university and cathedral city, Toowoomba hosts the Australian Carnival of Flowers each September and national championship events for the sports of mountain biking and motocross. There are more than 150 public parks and gardens in Toowoomba. It has developed into a regional centre for business and government services. It is also referred to as the capital of the Darling Downs.〔 It is the sixteenth-largest city in Australia, the sixth largest in Queensland, after Brisbane, Gold Coast, Sunshine Coast, Townsville and Cairns. Toowoomba is the most populous inland city in the country after the national capital, Canberra. ==History== (詳細はbotanist and explorer Allan Cunningham arrived in Australia from Brazil and in June 1827 discovered 4 million acres (16,000 km²) of rich farming and grazing land, which became known as the Darling Downs,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dictionary of Australian Biography Cl-Cu )〕 bordered on the east by the Great Dividing Range and situated 100 miles (160 km) west of the settlement of Moreton Bay. Thirteen years later when George and Patrick Leslie established Toolburra Station south-west of Toowoomba the first settlers arrived on the Downs and established a township of bark-slab shops called The Springs which was soon renamed Drayton. Land for the town was first surveyed in 1849, then again in 1853. Towards the end of the 1840s Drayton had grown to the point where it had its own newspaper, general store, trading post and the Royal Bull's Head Inn, which was built by William Horton and still stands today. Horton is regarded as the true founder of Toowoomba, despite the fact that he was not the first man to live there. Drovers and wagon masters spread the news of the new settlement at Toowoomba. By 1858 Toowoomba was growing fast. It had a population of 700, three hotels and many stores. Land selling at £4 an acre (£988/km²) in 1850 was now £150 an acre (£37,000/km²). Governor Bowen granted the wish of locals and a new municipality was proclaimed on 24 November 1860. The first town council election took place on 4 January 1861 and William Henry Groom won. The railway from Ipswich was opened in 1867, bringing with it business development.〔 In 1892, the Under Secretary of Public Land proclaimed Toowoomba and the surrounding areas as a township and in 1904 Toowoomba was declared a city. Pastoralism replaced agriculture and dairying by the 1900s.〔 Toowoomba was named as Australia's Tidiest Town in 2008.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Toowoomba – Australia's Tidiest Town 2007 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Toowoomba」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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