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Treefinder is a computer program for the likelihood-based reconstruction of phylogenetic trees from molecular sequences. It was written by Gangolf Jobb, a former researcher at the University of Munich, Germany, and was originally released in 2004. Treefinder is free of charge, though the most recent license prohibits its use in many major western countries. A platform-independent graphical environment integrates a standard suite of analyses: phylogeny reconstruction, bootstrap analysis, model selection, hypothesis testing, tree calibration, manipulation of trees and sequence data. Treefinder is scriptable through a proprietary scripting language called TL. Treefinder has an efficient tree search algorithm that can infer trees with thousands of species within a short time. Result trees are displayed and can then be saved as a reconstruction report, which may serve as an input for further analysis, for example hypothesis testing. The report contains all information about the tree and the models used. Treefinder also supports exporting results as NEWICK or NEXUS files. The software supports a broad collection of models of sequence evolution. The June 2008 release implements 7 models of nucleotide substitution (HKY, TN, J1, J2, J3 (= TIM), TVM, GTR), 14 empirical models of amino acid substitution (BLOSUM, cpREV, Dayhoff, JTT, LG, mtArt, mtMam, mtREV, PMB, rtREV, betHIV, witHIV, VT, WAG), 4 substitution models of structured rRNA (bactRNA, eukRNA, euk23RNA, mitoRNA), the 6-state "Dayhoff Groups" protein model (DG), 2-state and 3-state models of DNA (GTR3, GTR2), a parametric mixed model (MIX) mixing the empirical models of proteins or rRNA, and also a user-definable GTR-type model (MAP) mapping characters to states as needed. Three models of among-site rate heterogeneity are available (Gamma,Gamma+I,I), which can be combined with any of the substitution models. Last but not least, one can assume different models for different partitions of a sequence alignment, and partitions may be assumed to evolve at different speeds. All parameters of the models can be estimated from the data by maximization of likelihood. Certain TL expressions, the "model expressions", allow the concise notation of complex models, together with their parameters and optimization modes. Treefinder's original publication from 2004〔Jobb G, von Haeseler A, Strimmer K. 2004. TREEFINDER: a powerful graphical analysis environment for molecular phylogenetics. BMC Evol. Biol. 4:18.〕 has been cited several hundred times in the scientific literature. ==Controversy== Due to personal beliefs against American Imperialism, the author disallowed the use of Treefinder in the USA on February 1st, 2015. Due to personal beliefs against immigration policies in Europe the author again changed the license terms to exclude use in Germany, Austria, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Great Britain, Sweden, and Denmark as of October 1st, 2015.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title = TREEFINDER news page )〕 Due to these license changes, the journal that published the original application note has since retracted it.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title = Retraction Note: TREEFINDER: a powerful graphical analysis environment for molecular phylogenetics. BMC Evolutionary Biology. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Treefinder」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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