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The Tremellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Tremellales. The family is cosmopolitan and contains both teleomorphic and anamorphic genera, most of the latter being yeasts. All teleomorphic species of fungi in the Tremellaceae are parasites of other fungi, though the yeast states are widespread and not restricted to hosts. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies), when produced, are gelatinous. The family currently comprises 18 genera (plus synonyms), containing around 250 valid species. Significant genera include ''Tremella'', two species of which are edible and commercially cultivated,〔 and the yeast genus ''Cryptococcus'', several species of which are human pathogens, causing cryptococcosis.〔 == History == Fries created the family Tremellaceae (as 'Tremellini') in 1821,〔 basing it on the macromorphology of fruit bodies. He included within it most species of fungi that were gelatinous, dividing it into the genera ''Agyrium'', ''Dacrymyces'', ''Exidia'', ''Hymenella'', ''Naematelia'', and ''Tremella''.〔 ''Agyrium'' and ''Hymenella'' are now referred to the Ascomycota,〔〔 as are several of the species Fries placed in ''Dacrymyces'' and ''Tremella''. In 1900 Patouillard radically revised the family by switching the emphasis to the micromorphology of fruit bodies. For Patouillard, the Tremellaceae was limited to genera and species in which the basidia were "tremelloid" (globose to ellipsoid with vertical or diagonal septa), whether or not the fruit bodies were gelatinous. Patouillard's revised Tremellaceae included the genera ''Clavariopsis'' (= ''Holtermannia''), ''Ditangium'', ''Exidia'', ''Guepinia'', ''Heterochaete'', ''Hyaloria'', ''Protomerulius'', ''Sebacina'', ''Sirobasidium'', ''Tremella'', and ''Tremellodon'' (= ''Pseudohydnum'').〔 The next major revision was in 1984, when Bandoni used transmission electron microscopy to investigate the ultrastructure of the septal pore apparatus in species of the Tremellaceae. This revealed that ''Tremella'' and its allies were distinct from ''Exidia'' and its allies, despite both groups having tremelloid basidia. Bandoni referred the latter group to the Auriculariaceae, restricting the Tremellaceae to the genera ''Holtermannia'', ''Tremella'', and ''Trimorphomyces''.〔 The genus ''Sirobasidium'' and its allies were placed in the Sirobasidiaceae. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tremellaceae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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