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The Tremellales are an order of fungi in the class Tremellomycetes. The order contains both teleomorphic and anamorphic species, most of the latter being yeasts. All teleomorphic species in the Tremellales are parasites of other fungi, though the yeast states are widespread and not restricted to hosts. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies), when produced, are gelatinous. The order currently comprises 8 families, containing around 300 valid species. Significant genera include ''Tremella'', two species of which are edible and commercially cultivated,〔 and the yeast genera ''Cryptococcus'' and ''Trichosporon'', several species of which are human pathogens.〔〔 ==History== The order Tremellales was created by Carleton Rea in 1922 for species in which the basidia were "tremelloid" (globose to ellipsoid with vertical or diagonal septa). Rea placed within it one family, the Tremellaceae, having the same characteristics as the order. This circumscription was generally accepted until the 1980s. In 1945, however, G.W. Martin proposed a substantial extension of the order to include all the species within the (now obsolete) class Heterobasidiomycetes except for the rusts and the smuts. Martin therefore included within the Tremellales not only the Tremellaceae, but also the Auriculariaceae, Dacrymycetaceae, Hyaloriaceae, Phleogenaceae, Septobasidiaceae, Sirobasidiaceae, and Tulasnellaceae (including ''Ceratobasidium'').〔 This extended version of the order was not widely adopted, but was used in a number of publications by Martin himself〔 and, as late as the 1970s, by his student Bernard Lowy.〔 A more precise revision was undertaken in 1984, when Bandoni used transmission electron microscopy to investigate the ultrastructure of the septal pore apparatus in species of the Tremellales. This revealed that ''Tremella'' and its allies were distinct from ''Exidia'' and its allies, despite both groups having tremelloid basidia. Bandoni referred the latter group to the Auriculariales, restricting the Tremellales to the Tremellaceae, Sirobasidiaceae, and Tetragoniomycetaceae.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tremellales」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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