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''Treponema pallidum'' is a spirochaete bacterium with subspecies that cause treponemal diseases such as syphilis, bejel, pinta, and yaws. The treponemes have a cytoplasmic and an outer membrane. Using light microscopy, treponemes are only visible using dark field illumination. They are Gram negative, but some regard them too thin to be Gram stained. ==Subspecies== At least four subspecies are known: * ''Treponema pallidum pallidum'', which causes syphilis * ''T. p. endemicum'', which causes bejel or endemic syphilis * ''T. p. carateum'', which causes pinta * ''T. p. pertenue'', which causes yaws Some variation occurs as to which are considered subspecies, and which are species. The cause of pinta is sometimes described as ''Treponema carateum'', rather than a subspecies of ''T. pallidum'', even when the subspecies convention is used for the other agents. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Treponema pallidum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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