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''Tridacna'' is a genus of large saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the subfamily Tridacninae, the giant clams. They have heavy shells, fluted with 4 to 6 folds. The mantle is brightly coloured. They inhabit shallow waters of coral reefs in warm seas of the Indo-Pacific region.〔Huelsken, T., Keyse, J., Liggins, L., Penny, S., Treml, E.A., Riginos, C. (2013) A Novel Widespread Cryptic Species and Phylogeographic Patterns within Several Giant Clam Species (Cardiidae: Tridacna) from the Indo-Pacific Ocean. PLoS ONE, (DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080858 ).〕 These clams are popular in marine aquaria, and in some areas, such as the Philippines, members of the genus are farmed for the marine aquarium trade. They live in symbiosis with photosynthetic algae (zooxanthellae). Some species are eaten by humans. == Systematics and phylogeny == The genus contains two subgenera and the following species:〔WoRMS. (2009). Tridacna. Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=205753 on 2009-01-08.〕〔Schneider, J.A.,and O´Foighil, D. Phylogeny of Giant Clams (Cardiidae: Tridacninae) Based on Partial Mitochondrial 16S rDNA Gene Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Vol. 13, No. 1, October, pp. 59–66, 1999〕 * ''Tridacna noae'' (Röding, 1798) Subgenus ''Tridacna (Tridacna)'' * ''Tridacna derasa'' (Röding, 1798) * ''Tridacna gigas'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Tridacna mbalavuana'' Ladd, 1934( =''Tridacna tevoroa'' Lucas, Ledua & Braley, 1990) Subgenus ''Tridacna (Chametrachea)'' * ''Tridacna costata'' Richter, Roa-Quiaoit, Jantzen, Al-Zibdah, Kochzius, 2008 * ''Tridacna crocea'' Lamarck, 1819 * ''Tridacna maxima'' Röding, 1798( =''Tridacna elongata'') * ''Tridacna rosewateri'' Sirenho & Scarlato, 1991 * ''Tridacna squamosa'' Lamarck, 1819 An alternative older classification recognises a third subgenus ''Persikima'' containing ''T. derasa'' and ''T. mbalavuana''.〔Benzie,J.A.H. and Williams,S.T. Phylogenetic relationships among giant clam species (Mollusca: Tridacnidae) determined by protein electrophoresis. Marine Biology (1998) 132: 123±133〕 Recent biochemical studies have suggested that there may exist morphologically indistinct cryptic species.〔〔Mohamed, N.M. et al., Molecular Genetic Analyses of Giant Clam (Tridacna sp.) Populations in the Northern Red Sea. Asian Journal of Biochemistry, 1 (4): 338-342 (2006)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tridacna」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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