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Tripleurospermum
''Tripleurospermum'' is a genus in the chamomile tribe within the sunflower family.〔Schultz, Carl Heinrich Bipontinus. 1844. Ueber die Tanaceteen: mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der deutschen Arten 31–34 〕〔(Tropicos, ''Tripleurospermum'' Sch. Bip. )〕
Most of the species are from Europe and temperate Asia although a few are from North America and North Africa. The species are placed in ''Matricaria'' by some authors.〔(Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 548, ''Tripleurospermum'' Schultz-Bipontinus, Tanaceteen. 31. 1844. )〕〔(Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 769 三肋果属 san lei guo shu Tripleurospermum Schultz Bipontinus, Tanaceteen. 31. 1844. )〕〔(Altervista Flora Italilana, Camomilla senza odore, ''Tripleurospermum inodorum'' (L.) Sch. Bip. ) includes photos and distribution maps〕
Plants typically have lobed leaves that are composed of one to three opposite pairs cut almost to the leaf mid rib: they have indehiscent one-celled fruits that have 3-ribs and two resinous glands at the base, ''Matricaria'' species are distinguished from these species by lacking fruits with 3-ribs and the two glands.
;Species〔(Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist )〕
# ''Tripleurospermum ambiguum'' (Ledeb.) Franch. & Sav. - Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Altai Krai
# ''Tripleurospermum auriculatum'' (Boiss.) Rech.f. - Middle East including Egypt + Saudi Arabia
# ''Tripleurospermum callosum'' (Boiss. & Heldr.) E.Hossain - Turkey
# ''Tripleurospermum caucasicum'' (Willd.) Hayek - SE Europe + SW Asia from Switzerland to Iran
# ''Tripleurospermum conoclinium'' (Boiss. & Balansa) Hayek - Greece, Turkey
# ''Tripleurospermum daghestanicum'' Rupr. ex Boiss. - Daghestan
# ''Tripleurospermum decipiens'' (Fisch. & C.A Mey.) Bornm. - Turkey, Iran, Caucasus
# ''Tripleurospermum disciforme'' (C.A.Mey.) Sch.Bip. - central + southwestern Asia
# ''Tripleurospermum elongatum'' (DC.) Bornm. - Turkey, Georgia
# ''Tripleurospermum fissurale'' (Sosn.) E.Hossain - Turkey
# ''Tripleurospermum grandiflorum'' (Hook.) Panigrahi - Arctic Russia
# ''Tripleurospermum heterolepis'' (Freyn & Sint.) Bornm. - Turkey
# ''Tripleurospermum homogamum'' G.X.Fu - Xinjiang
# ''Tripleurospermum hygrophilum'' (Bornm.) Bornm. - Turkey
# ''Tripleurospermum inodorum'' (L.) Sch.Bip. - Europe, temperate and arctic Asia; naturalized in North America, New Zealand etc., considered a noxious weed in some places
# ''Tripleurospermum kotschyi'' (Boiss.) E.Hossain
# ''Tripleurospermum lamellatum'' (Bunge) Rech.f.
# ''Tripleurospermum limosum'' (Maxim.) Pobed. - China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia), Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Russia (Irkutsk, Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye)
# ''Tripleurospermum maritimum'' (L.) W.D.J.Koch - Arctic coasts of Eurasia + North America
# ''Tripleurospermum melanolepis'' (Boiss. & Buhse) Pobed. - Turkey, Caucasus
# ''Tripleurospermum microcephalum'' (Boiss.) Bornm. - Turkey, Iran, Syria, Lebanon
# ''Tripleurospermum monticola'' (Boiss. & A.Huet) Bornm. - Azerbaijan, Armenia
# ''Tripleurospermum parviflorum'' (Willd.) Pobed. - Greece, Ukraine, Crimea, European Russia, Caucasus, Turkey, Iran, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan
# ''Tripleurospermum pichleri'' (Boiss.) Bornm. - Bithynia region of Turkey
# ''Tripleurospermum repens'' (Freyn & Sint.) Bornm. - Turkey
# ''Tripleurospermum rosellum'' (Boiss. & Orph.) Hayek - Greece + Turkey including islands
# ''Tripleurospermum sannineum'' (Thiéb.) Mout. - Lebanon
# ''Tripleurospermum sevanense'' (Manden.) Pobed. - Turkey, Iran, Armenia
# ''Tripleurospermum subpolare'' Pobed. - Scandinavia, Baltic States, northern European Russia
# ''Tripleurospermum szovitsii'' Pobed. - Caucasus
# ''Tripleurospermum tempskyanum'' (Freyn & Sint.) Hayek - Greece
# ''Tripleurospermum tenuifolium'' (Kit.) Freyn - Caucasus; southeastern Europe from Germany to Bulgaria
# ''Tripleurospermum tetragonospermum'' (F.Schmidt) Pobed. - Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Japan, Russian Far East, North Caucasus
# ''Tripleurospermum transcaucasicum'' (Manden.) Pobed. - Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan
;formerly included〔
see ''Heteromera Matricaria Pyrethrum''
* ''Tripleurospermum breviradiatum - Matricaria breviradiata''
* ''Tripleurospermum fuscatum - Heteromera fuscata''
* ''Tripleurospermum philaenorum - Heteromera philaenorum''
* ''Tripleurospermum pulchrum - Pyrethrum pulchrum''
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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