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Troglofauna are small cave-dwelling animals that have adapted to their dark surroundings. Troglofauna and stygofauna are the two types of subterranean fauna (based on life-history). Both are associated with subterranean environments – troglofauna are associated with caves and spaces above the water table and stygofauna with water. Troglofaunal species include spiders, insects, myriapods and others. Some troglofauna live permanently underground and cannot survive outside the cave environment. Troglofauna adaptations and characteristics include a heightened sense of hearing, touch and smell. Loss of under-used senses is apparent in the lack of skin pigmentation as well as eyesight in most troglofauna. Troglofauna insects may exhibit a lack of wings and longer appendages. ==Categories== Troglofauna are divided into three categories, troglophiles, trogloxenes and troglobites, based on their life-history. # A troglophile is a cave-dwelling animal that may complete its life cycle in a cave, but can also survive in above ground habitats.〔 Troglophiles usually maintain some of their senses such as partial pigmentation and are usually only partially blind. # A trogloxene is an animal that uses caves for shelter but does not complete its life cycle in them; for example, bats. # A troglobite is different in that it cannot survive outside its cave environment. Troglobites may descend from troglophiles over time, through adaptation.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Troglofauna」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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