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Tsintaosaurus : ウィキペディア英語版
Tsintaosaurus

''Tsintaosaurus'' (; meaning "Qingdao lizard", after the old transliteration "Tsingtao") 〔Creisler, B. (2002). "(Dinosauria Translation and Pronunciation Guide T )." ''(DOL Dinosaur Omnipedia )''. Accessed 24 Feb 2010.〕 is a genus of hadrosaurid dinosaur from China. It was about long, tall and weighed 3 tons.〔(Weird Dinosaurs )〕 The type species is ''Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus'', first described by Chinese paleontologist C. C. Young in 1958.
A hadrosaur, ''Tsintaosaurus'' had a characteristic 'duck bill' snout and a battery of powerful teeth which it used to chew vegetation. It usually walked on all fours, but could rear up on its hind legs to scout for predators and flee when it spotted one. Like other hadrosaurs, ''Tsintaosaurus'' probably lived in herds.
==Discovery and naming==

In 1950, at Hsikou, near Chingkangkou, in Laiyang, Shandong, in the eastern part of China, various remains of large hadrosaurids were uncovered. In 1958 these were described by Chinese paleontologist Yang Zhongjian ("C.C. Young") as the type species ''Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus''. The generic name is derived from the city of Qingdao, earlier often transliterated as "Tsintao". The specific name means "with a nose spine", from Latin ''spina'', and Greek ῥίς, ''rhis'', "nose", in reference to the distinctive crest on the snout.〔Young, C.-C., 1958, "The dinosaurian remains of Laiyang, Shantung", ''Palaeontologia Sinica, New Series C'', Whole Number 42(16): 1-138〕
The holotype, IVPP AS V725, was discovered in a layer of the Jingangkou Formation dating from the Campanian. It consists of a partial skeleton with skull. The paratype is specimen IVPP V818, a skull roof. In the same area some additional partial skeletons and a large number of disarticulated skeletal elements were found. Some of these were by Yang referred to ''Tsintaosaurus'', others were named as a ''Tanius chingkankouensis'' Yang 1958; also a ''Tanius laiyangensis'' Zhen 1976 exists. The latter two species are today either considered junior synonyms or ''nomina dubia''. Later researchers would refer a larger part of the material to ''Tsintaosaurus''.

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