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Tskhinvali
Tskhinvali ((グルジア語:ცხინვალი) (:t͡sxinvali); (オセット語:Цхинвал); (ロシア語:Цхинвал(и), ''Tskhinval(i)'')), is the capital of South Ossetia, a disputed region in Georgia which has been recognised as an independent Republic by Russia and another three UN members. South Ossetia is a de facto independent state that controls its claimed territory, in part with the support of Russian troops. Despite this, it is recognised by all other UN members as part of Georgia .〔http://eng.kremlin.ru/speeches/2008/08/26/1543_type82912_205752.shtml〕〔http://en.rian.ru/world/20090910/156083204.html〕
It is located on the Great Liakhvi River approximately northwest of the Georgian capital Tbilisi.
==Name==
The name of Tskhinvali is derived from the Old Georgian ''Krtskhinvali'' ((グルジア語:ქრცხინვალი)), from earlier ''Krtskhilvani'' ((グルジア語:ქრცხილვანი)), literally meaning "the land of hornbeams",〔(Словарь географических названий )〕 which is the historical name of the city.〔(ИСТОРИЯ ЦАРСТВА ГРУЗИНСКОГО ) ("History of the Georgian Kingdom"), Вахушти Багратиони. Retrieved from vostlit.info on 24.08.2008〕 See ცხინვალი for more.
From 1934 to 1961, the city was named Staliniri ((グルジア語:სტალინირი)), after Joseph Stalin. Modern Ossetians call the city Tskhinval (leaving off the final "i", which is a nominative case ending in Georgian); the other Ossetian (unofficial) name of the city is Chreba.〔The Permanent Committee on Geographical Names (UK) (2007) ("Georgia: a toponymic note concerning South Ossetia" )〕
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