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Tsujigiri
Tsujigiri (辻斬り or 辻斬 ''tsuji-giri'', literally 'crossroads killing') is a Japanese term for a practice when a samurai, after receiving a new ''katana'' or developing a new fighting style or weapon, tests its effectiveness by attacking a human opponent, usually a random defenseless passer-by, in many cases during nighttime.〔(つじぎり 【辻斬り】 国語辞書 - エキサイト辞書 ). ''Excite.co.jp''. Retrieved 22009-31-12.〕 The practitioners themselves are also referred to as ''tsujigiri''.〔
In the medieval era, the term referred to traditional duels between ''bushi'', but in the Sengoku period (1467-1600), widespread anarchy caused it to degrade into indiscriminate murder, permitted by the unchecked power of the ''bushi''. Shortly after order was restored, the Edo government prohibited the practice in 1602. Offenders would receive capital punishment.〔 The only actual incident where a very large number of people were indiscriminately killed in the Edo period was the 1696 Yoshihara spree killing (吉原百人斬), where a wealthy lord named Yoshihara had a psychotic fit and murdered dozens of prostitutes with a katana. He was treated by authorities as a spree killer and sentenced to death. Later, a kabuki play was made about the incident.〔Mitamura, Engyo. Edo banashi shūsei. Vol. 1. 1956.〕
==Philosophical relevance==
The practice of tsujigiri has been cited in the philosophical debate over moral relativism, notably by Mary Midgley in her 1989 work ''Can't We Make Moral Judgements?''.〔Midgley, Mary. ''Can't We Make Moral Judgements?'' Bristol Press 1989. ISBN 1-85399-166-X〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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