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Tuco-tuco
The tuco-tuco is a neotropical rodent in the family Ctenomyidae.〔Parada, A., G. D’Elia, C.J. Bidau, and E.P. Lessa. 2011. Species Groups and the Evolutionary Diversification of Tuco-Tucos, genus ''Ctenomys'' (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae). ''Journal of Mammalogy'' 92(3): 671-682.〕 The tuco-tucos belong to the only living genus of the Ctenomyidae family, ''Ctenomys'', but they include approximately 60 different species. The common name, "tuco-tuco" comes from the "tuc-tuc" sound they make while they dig their burrows.〔Anonymous. 2013. "Southern Tuco-tuco (''Ctenomys australis'')." ARKive. 04 Oct. 2013. http://www.arkive.org/southern-tuco-tuco/ctenomys-australis/〕
The relationships among the species are debated by taxonomists. It has been described that they are in a state of "taxonomic chaos," but banded karyotypes have been used to help make progress on their taxonomic study.〔Lessa, E. 1998. The Molecular Phylogenetics of Tuco-Tucos (genus ''Ctenomys'', Rodentia: Octodontidae) Suggests an Early Burst of Speciation. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 9(1): 88-99.〕 Their closest relatives are degus and other octodontids.〔 All species of tuco-tucos are found in South America from Peru and central Brazil southward. The tuco-tucos of South America have an ecological role equivalent to that of the pocket gophers of North America.
==Anatomy==
Tuco-tucos have heavily built cylindrical bodies with short legs and their pelage ranges in color from black to light grey.〔 Their skin is loosely applied, possibly to slide about the tunnels they create. They have long fore feet for burrowing, and bristled hind feet for grooming. They also have large heads, small ears, and hairy tails. Their bodies range in size from in length, and they can weigh as little as 100 grams (''C. pundti'') to more than 1000 grams (''C. conover'').〔Luna, F. and C. Antinuchi. 2007. Energy and Distribution in Subterranean Rodents: Sympatry between Two Species of the Genus ''Ctenomys''. ''Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology'' 147(4): 948-954.〕
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