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''Twórczość'' (Creativity, or Creative Output) is a Polish monthly literary journal, first published in 1945. Since 1 April 2000, ''Twórczość'' has been published by the state-funded Book Institute (Instytut Książki).〔(Czasopisma patronackie w Instytucie Książki ) 〕 ''Twórczość'' publishes poetry, fiction and literary criticism. Adam Ważyk was editor in chief from 1950 to 1954, when he was succeeded by Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz.〔Marci Shore, ''Caviar and ashes: a Warsaw generation's life and death in Marxism, 1918-1968'', Yale University Press, 2006, p. 308〕 Other editors have included Andrzej Kijowski, writing under his pseudonym Daedalus, and Zdzisław Najder. Nobel laureate Wisława Szymborska has contributed frequently to ''Twórczość'' from 1949 down to the present day.〔See List Obecności, a list of contributors published in connection with the journal's 60th anniversary in 2005.〕 Czesław Miłosz published several of his most important works in ''Twórczość'' in 1945-1951, but after he defected to the West he did not appear in ''Twórczość'' again until 1978.〔See List Obecności (2005).〕 Poet Bohdan Zadura has been the editor in chief since October 2004. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Twórczość」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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