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Tylopilus
''Tylopilus'' is a genus of over 100 species of mycorrhizal bolete fungi separated from ''Boletus''. Its best known member is the bitter bolete (''Tylopilus felleus''), the only species found in Europe. More species are found in North America, such as the edible species ''T. alboater'', and the tropics. Australia is another continent where many species are found. All members of the genus form mycorrhizal relationships with trees. Members of the genus are distinguished by their pinkish pore surfaces.
==Taxonomy==
The genus was first defined by Petter Adolf Karsten in 1881.〔 The type species, ''Tylopilus felleus'', was originally described in 1788 as a species of ''Boletus'' by French mycologist Pierre Bulliard.〔 ''Tylopilus'' means "bumpy or swollen pileus",〔 from the Greek ''tylos'' "bump" and ''pilos'' "hat".〔
Molecular analysis indicates the genus, like other large genera within the Boletales, is polyphyletic.〔 A lineage of ''Tylopilus chromapes'' (now ''Harrya chromapes'' and related species) has been shown to be only distantly related to other members of ''Tylopilus''. Hence ''T. chromapes'' is now the type species of the new genus ''Harrya'' and, related to it, several Australian species moved to ''Australopilus''.〔 ''T. valens'' was also moved to its own genus, ''Pseudoaustroboletus''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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