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TypeScript is a free and open source programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft. It is a strict superset of JavaScript, and adds optional static typing and class-based object-oriented programming to the language. Anders Hejlsberg, lead architect of C# and creator of Delphi and Turbo Pascal, has worked on the development of TypeScript. TypeScript may be used to develop JavaScript applications for client-side or server-side (Node.js) execution. TypeScript is designed for development of large applications and transcompiles to JavaScript. As TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript, any existing JavaScript programs are also valid TypeScript programs. TypeScript supports definition files that can contain type information of existing JavaScript libraries, much like C/C++ header files can describe the structure of existing object files. This enables other programs to use the values defined in the files as if they were statically typed TypeScript entities. There are third-party header files for popular libraries like jQuery, MongoDB, and D3.js. TypeScript headers for the Node.js basic modules are also available, allowing development of Node.js programs within TypeScript. The TypeScript compiler is itself written in TypeScript, transcompiled to JavaScript and licensed under the Apache 2 License. TypeScript is included as a first-class programming language in Microsoft Visual Studio 2013 Update 2 and later, beside C# and other Microsoft languages.〔(TypeScript Homepage ), ''"Visual Studio includes TypeScript in the box, starting with Visual Studio 2013 Update 2"''〕 An official extension allows Visual Studio 2012 to support TypeScript as well.〔(TypeScript 1.0 Tools for Visual Studio 2012 )〕 == History == Typescript was first made public in October 2012 (at version 0.8), after two years of internal development at Microsoft. Early after the announcement, Miguel de Icaza praised the language itself, but criticized the lack of mature IDE support apart from Microsoft Visual Studio, which is not available on Linux and OS X. there is support in other IDEs, particularly in Eclipse, the plug-in for which was contributed by Palantir Technologies. Various text editors, including Emacs, Vim, and Sublime also support TypeScript. TypeScript 0.9, released in 2013, added support for generics. TypeScript 1.0 was released at Build 2014. Visual Studio 2013 Update 2 provides built-in support for TypeScript. In July 2014, the development team announced a new TypeScript compiler, claiming 5× performance gains. Simultaneously, the source code, which was initially hosted on CodePlex, was moved to GitHub. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「TypeScript」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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