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According to genealogical researchers the surname Tzavaras (Greek: Τζαβάρας) can be classified as of patronymic / nickname origin. It is either the Hellenization of the Albanian word ''çanavar'' which means "monster" or "brave", but within a historical context would signify “mercenary” and later on “jannisary”; or a Byzantine compound surname made up of the prefix ''dia'' (''tza''), with a general meaning of “through”, but here understood as “origin” or “from”; and the term ''baros'' meaning “heavy”, but signifying “strong”.〔Tzavaras, Ath.: ''Agapite Aderfe Vasileie'', Ekdosis Exantas, Athens 1999. ISBN 960-256-402-4 pg.86-95〕 ==Origin== The origin of this modern Greek family name lies in the Middle Ages, in the city of Novo Brdo, Metohija, present day Kosovo. It was part of Vuk Brankovic’s realm and Pavle Orlovic’s fiefdom. Those who were empowered to act as Orlovic’s bodyguards or as a police force were known as ''čuvar'' (meaning “guardian” in Old Slavonic) and ''çanavar'' (meaning “brave” in Gheg Albanian).〔Tzavaras, Ath. op.cit.〕 But little after Pavle Orlovic's death fighting the Ottoman army in the Battle of Kosovo Polje, along with the end of the Serbian Empire, Novo Brdo finally fell on June 1. 1455. In the escape the majority chose the Kingdom of Hungary,〔Franz Babinger: "Mehmed the Conqueror and his Time", pg. 18 - 19 Princeton University Press - 1967〕 where the core of the Serbian nobility had gathered to resist.〔Franz Babinger: op.cit., pg. 128 Princeton University Press - 1967〕 Others instead fled to Epirus,〔Franz Babinger: op.cit. pg.54 Princeton University Press - 1967〕 where the admixture with local populations gives birth to the ''Tzavareoi'' (Greek: Τζαβαραίοι) clan or “''phara''”.〔Kapralos, Ch. ''Αρκαδικοί θρύλοι.'', Athens, 1966, pg 170.〕 The clan was to be again on the move. Some members had integrated into the Ghica family, so they were sent by the Ottomans to serve with the Phanariote administration in the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. Inscriptions both in the Stavropoleos Monastery library and the grave yards of the Comănești palace cemetery give acquaintance about the existence of bearers of this surname in those regions.〔Dora D' Istria "Gli Albanesi in Rumenia" in de Haan, Franciska; Krasimira Daskalova, Anna Loutfi (2006). Biographical dictionary of women's movements and feminisms in Central, Eastern, and South Eastern Europe: 19th and 20th centuries. G - Reference,Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. Central European University Press. pp. 157–160. ISBN 963-7326-39-1.〕 The majority instead, established in the Kakosouli village, which was one of the main four villages in the Souliote Confederation. But fighting against the Ottoman enemy in the end caused the last huge migration of the clan reaching further lands like the Peloponnesus or the Ionian Islands.〔Kapralos, Ch. op.cit. ''...και οι Τζαβαραίοι κατάγονται από το Σούλι ... ''〕 Those who were chased as klephtes found shelter the Arcadian highlands, meanwhile those who were tame peasants continued their journey on to Messenia settling mainly in Kyparissia and Filiatra.〔Tzavaras, Ath. op.cit.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tzavaras」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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