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Târgu-Mureș (; (ハンガリー語:Marosvásárhely), ; also known by other alternative names) is the seat of Mureș County in the north-central part of Romania. It is the 16th largest Romanian city, with 134,290 inhabitants as of 2011. ==Names and etymology== The current Romanian name of the city, ''Târgu Mureș'', is the equivalent with the Hungarian ''Marosvásárhely'', both meaning "market on the Mureș (Maros) ()". ''Târg'' means "market" in Romanian and ''vásárhely'' means "marketplace" in Hungarian. The Hungarian ''Marosvásárhely'' is sometimes shortened to ''Vásárhely'' in local colloquial Hungarian language. The first written reference of the city was in the Papal registry in Latin as ''Novum Forum Siculorum'' in 1332, and later as ''Sekulvasarhel'' (modern Hungarian: ''Székelyvásárhely''), meaning "new market of the Székelys", in 1349. Other Latin names for the town included ''Agropolis'' and ''Areopolis''. In 1616, Gabriel Bethlen gave the name ''Marosvásárhely'' to the newly upgraded royal free city.〔(Acta Ethnographica Hungarica - Volume 45 )〕 The Romanian name for the city, ''Oșorhei'' was a phonetic derivation from ''Vásárhely'' while the German name for the town, ''Neumarkt am Mieresch'' (also shortened to ''Neumarkt'' or ''Marktstadt''; in Transylvanian Saxon, ''Nai Mark'' or ''Nai Muark''), can be translated as ''New Market''〔(Thomas Baldwin, A Universal Pronouncing Gazetteer )〕 Other historical Romanian names for the town besides ''Oșorhei'' were ''Mureș-Oșorhei'' and ''Tîrgu Mureșului''; other historical Hungarian names in addition to ''Székelyvásárhely'' included ''Újszékelyvásár'' and ''Újvásár''. After World War I, Marosvásárhely became part of Romania and was renamed ''Oșorheiu''. The name ''Târgu Mureș'' became common in the interwar period. After, World War II, the spelling of the city's name was changed to ''Tîrgu Mureș'' following a 1953 spelling reform that replaced the letter ''â'' with ''î'' in all words. Another spelling reform in 1993 replaced the letter ''î'' with ''â'' in many words and the city's name has since been officially spelt "Târgu Mureș". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Târgu Mureș」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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