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}} The Ulysses S. Grant Memorial is a presidential memorial in Washington, D.C., honoring American Civil War general and U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant. It sits at the base of Capitol Hill (Union Square, the Mall, 1st Street, between Pennsylvania Avenue and Maryland Avenue), below the west front of the United States Capitol. Its sculpture of Grant on horseback faces west, over the Capitol Reflecting Pool and toward the Lincoln Memorial, which honors Grant's wartime president, Abraham Lincoln. In addition to Grant's statue, which rests on a pedestal that showcases bronze reliefs of the infantry, there are statues of protective lions and bronze representations of the Union cavalry and artillery, on flanking pedestals. The Grant and Lincoln memorials define the eastern and western ends, respectively, of the National Mall. The Grant Memorial is a contributor to the Civil War Monuments in Washington, DC, of the National Register of Historic Places. James M. Goode's authoritative ''The Grant Memorial in Washington, D.C.'' (1974) calls it "one of the most important sculptures in Washington."〔Goode 1974, p.244.〕 It includes the second-largest equestrian statue in the United States and the fourth-largest in the world.〔Larger ones include the statue of conquistador Don Juan de Oñate in El Paso, Texas; the Genghis Khan Equestrian Statue; and the monument to Italy's King Victor Emanuel in Rome.〕 ==Description== The Grant Memorial is situated in Union Square, which also encompasses the Capitol Reflecting Pool. The platform for the Monument, made of Vermont marble, is long and wide and is divided into three sections. The tall, middle section features a 10,700 pound, high equestrian statue depicting Grant astride his war horse Cincinnati on a 22½-foot high marble pedestal.〔 A striking feature of the central statue is Grant's calm (almost disaffected) attitude amidst the raging fighting going on around him. This is not surprising because Grant was known for his calmness and coolheadedness during battle. In sharp contrast to Grant are the sculpture groups on either side, ''Cavalry Charge'' and ''Artillery'', which "...possess more dramatic interest and suspense than any sculpture in the city and, indeed, in the Nation."〔Goode 1974, p.246.〕 Surrounding the main pedestal are four shorter pedestals, each supporting a bronze lion in repose guarding both the United States flag and the flags of the Army. The memorial was the largest bronze sculpture cast in the United States at that time.〔 The Artillery Group to the south shows a caisson carrying three artillerymen and pulled by three horses. Astride the horse on the left is the guidon (flag) carrier who is signaling a sharp right wheel. Despite the impending course change the horse on the right is able to continue lunging forward due to a broken strap on the right bridle bit. To the north the Cavalry Group depicts a color squad consisting of seven cavalrymen charging into battle. The horse on the right has fallen and the rider, modeled after Shrady himself, is moments from being trampled by the onrushing horses.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ulysses S. Grant Memorial」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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