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Ummah
' ((アラビア語:أمة)) is an Arabic word meaning "nation" or "community". It is distinguished from ' ((アラビア語:شعب)) which means a nation with common ancestry or geography. Thus, it can be said to be a supra-national community with a common history.
It is a synonym for ' ((アラビア語:الأمة الإسلامية)) (the Islamic Nation), and it is commonly used to mean the collective community of Islamic peoples. In the Quran the ummah typically refers to a single group that shares common religious beliefs, specifically those that are the objects of a divine plan of salvation. In the context of Pan-Islamism and politics, the word ' can be used to mean the concept of a ''Commonwealth of the Believers'' ( ').
==General usage==
The word ''Ummah'' refers to "the people" in Arabic, more specifically to Muslim people with a common ideology and culture. "Ummah" is also said in the Quran by Allah referring to Muslims. It is more commonly used in Islamic countries. Muslim Ummah refers to the unity of Muslims all over the world. The Muslim Ummah is responsible for upholding the religion and therefore benefiting the community regardless whether the community is Muslim or non-Muslim.
Apart from its strict religious connotation, the word "ummah" (أمة) is used in Arabic in the general sense of "nation", as in الأمم والشعوب ("nations and peoples"). The Arabic term for the United Nations in Arabic is الأمم المتحدة ("The United Ummahs"). In its Islamic sense of the community of Muslims, the word is usually preceded in Arabic by the definite article, i.e. الأمة ("The Ummah").
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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