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The State University of New York at Buffalo is a public research university with multiple campuses located in Buffalo and Amherst, New York, United States. It is commonly referred to as the University at Buffalo (UB) or SUNY Buffalo, and it was formerly known as the University of Buffalo. The university was founded in 1846 as a private college, but in 1962 merged with the State University of New York (SUNY) system. By enrollment, UB is the largest in the SUNY system, and also the largest public university in the northeastern United States (comprising New York state and the New England region). UB also has the largest endowment and research funding, as a comprehensive university center in the SUNY system. , the university enrolls 29,994 students〔 in 13 separate colleges. The university houses the largest state-operated medical school, dental school, education school, business school, engineering school, and also features the only state law school, architecture and urban planning school, and pharmacy school in the state of New York. The university offers over 100 bachelor's, 205 master's, 84 doctoral, and 10 professional areas of study. According to the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, the University at Buffalo is a Research University with Very High Research Activity (RU/VH). In 1989, UB was elected to the Association of American Universities, which represents 62 prestigious, leading research universities in the United States and Canada. UB's alumni and faculty have included a Prime Minister, astronauts, Nobel laureates, Pulitzer Prize winners, Academy Award winners, Emmy Award winners, and Rhodes Scholars. The university was founded by Millard Fillmore, who served as the school's first chancellor and who would later go on to serve as U.S. President and U.S. Vice President, making it one of the only two universities founded by a U.S. President. Buffalo has consistently placed in the top cluster of U.S. public research universities and among the overall top 30 research universities according to the ''Center for Measuring University Performance''〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://mup.asu.edu/research2010.pdf )〕 and was ranked as the 38th best value for in-state students and the 27th best value for out-of-state students in the 2012 Kiplinger rankings of best value of national universities. ''U.S. News and World Report''s 2016 edition of America's Best Colleges ranked UB 99th on their list of "Best National Universities," and 45th among public universities.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=UB breaks into the 'top 50' among the best public universities in the nation - UB Reporter: Need to know news and views for UB faculty and staff )〕 In the 2014–2015 edition of "World University Rankings", ''Times Higher Education'' ranked UB at 191, making it one of the top universities in the world. ==History== City leaders of Buffalo sought the establishment of a university in the city from the earliest days of Buffalo. A University of Western New York was begun at Buffalo under the auspices of the Presbyterian Church and property was purchased at North Street and College, (the site of the later YMCA), on the north side of the Allentown district. This university was chartered by the state on April 8, 1836. However, the project collapsed and no classes were ever offered, and only the layout of College Street remains.〔 The University of Buffalo was founded by United States President Millard Fillmore 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Chancellors and Presidents of the University )〕 on May 11, 1846,〔 prior to his ascension to the presidency, as a private medical school to train the doctors for the communities of Buffalo, Niagara Falls, and surrounding villages. James Platt White was instrumental in obtaining a charter for the University of Buffalo from the state legislature in 1846. He also taught the first class of 89 men in obstetrics. State Assemblyman Nathan K. Hall was also "particularly active in procuring the charter". The doors first opened to students in 1847 and after associating with a hospital for teaching purposes, the first class of students graduated the medical school in July 1847. Founder Millard Fillmore served as the school's first chancellor. Upon his ascension to the presidency after President Taylor's death, Fillmore stayed on as part-time chancellor. Fillmore's name now graces the continuing education school Millard Fillmore College located on the South Campus as well as the Millard Fillmore Academic Center, an academic and administrative services building at the core of the residential Joseph Ellicott Complex, located on the North Campus. "The first lectures were delivered in a wooden building over the old post office, corner of Seneca and Washington streets."〔 The first building specially built for the university was a stone building at the corner of Main and Virginia streets, built in 1849–50, through donations, public subscription, and a state grant.〔 There were continuous expansions to the college medical programs, including a separate pharmacy division, which is now The School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. In 1887, a law school was organized in Buffalo, which quickly became associated with Niagara University just to the north of Buffalo. After four years, in 1891, the law school was acquired by the University of Buffalo as the University of Buffalo Law School, which had a downtown Buffalo facility. In the first few years of the 20th century, the University began planning for a comprehensive undergraduate college to complete the basic structure of a university, and in 1909 the University acquired the Erie County Almshouse grounds from the county of Erie, which became the University of Buffalo's initial campus. The establishment may have been influenced by the 1910 Flexner Report which criticized the preparation of the medical students at the university. With that additional space, in 1915, the then University of Buffalo formed the College of Arts and Sciences, creating an undergraduate division in addition to its prior educational work in the licensed professional fields. In 1916, Grace Millard Knox pledged $500,000 for the establishment of a "department of liberal arts and sciences in the University of Buffalo," which was at the time still a private institution. The initial gift of $100,000 was for the purchase of what would become Townsend Hall and the remainder was to establish the university's first endowment, in her husband's name, to support the department. In 1950, the Industrial Engineering department branched off from the Mechanical Engineering department. In 1956, a Civil Engineering Department was formed under Lehigh University graduate Robert L. Ketter, who went on to become Dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and later President of the University. In 1959, WBFO was launched as an AM radio station by UB's School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and run by UB's students. The station has since become the launching pad of two modern National Public Radio personalities: Terri Gross and Ira Flatow. In 1961, the Western New York nuclear research program was created. This program installed a miniature, active nuclear fission reactor on the University's South (Main Street) Campus. This program was not particularly active, nor could it compete with other government-run research labs, consequently, the programs performed in this facility were abandoned somewhat shortly after its inception. This reactor was formally decommissioned in 2005 with little fanfare due to material security concerns. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「University at Buffalo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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