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Ur-Hamlet
The ''Ur-Hamlet'' (the German prefix ''Ur-'' means "primordial") is the name given to a play by Thomas Kyd mentioned as early as 1589, a decade before most scholars believe Shakespeare composed ''Hamlet'', but also involving the character of Hamlet. Several surviving references indicate that such a play was well known throughout the decade of the 1590s, some time before the first published texts of Shakespeare's play (1603, 1604).
==Earliest references==
The earliest such reference occurs in 1589 when Thomas Nashe in his introduction to Robert Greene's ''Menaphon'' implies the existence of an early ''Hamlet'':
:English Seneca read by candle-light yields many good sentences, as ''Blood is a begger'', and so forth; and if you entreat him fair in a frosty morning, he will afford you whole Hamlets, I should say handfuls of tragical speeches.〔Nashe quoted in Jenkins, p.83〕
A 1594 performance record of ''Hamlet'' appears in Philip Henslowe's diary and in 1596 Thomas Lodge wrote of "the ghost which cried so miserably at the theatre, like an oyster-wife, Hamlet, revenge!"〔Jenkins, p.83〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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