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Userkaf (meaning "His soul is strong") was the founder of the Fifth dynasty of Egypt and the first pharaoh to start the tradition of building sun temples at Abusir.〔Quirke, Stephen (2001). ''The Cult of Ra: Sun Worship in Ancient Egypt''. Thames & Hudson. p. 127〕 His name means "his ''Ka'' (or soul) is powerful".〔Clayton, Peter. Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Thames & Hudson Ltd, 1994. p.61〕 He ruled from 2494-2487 BC〔 and constructed the Pyramid of Userkaf complex at Saqqara. == Family == Userkaf may have been a grandson of Djedefre by his daughter, Neferhetepes.〔Ian Shaw ''The Oxford history of ancient Egypt'' p.98〕 His father is unknown, while some believe his mother to have been Khentkaus I (or his wife before he inherited the throne).〔Aidan Dodson & Dyan Hilton, The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt: A Genealogical Sourcebook of the Pharaohs, Thames & Hudson, 2004. p.65〕 Another of Userkaf's wives was the similarly named Queen Neferhetepes, known to be the mother of Sahure.〔(Archaeogate Egittologia: Sahure's Causeway )〕〔Clayton, p.61〕 Userkaf may also have been the father of Neferirkare Kakai, a son by Khentkaus I. Another less common view, in concordance with a story of the Westcar Papyrus, is that the first three rulers of the fifth dynasty were brothers—the sons of a woman named Raddjedet. Thus, Sahure, Userkaf's successor was most likely his son. Furthermore, a strong argument in support of the theory that the first four kings of the fifth dynasty were closely related is that we know several officials who served as priests in the funerary cults of several of these kings: * ''Tepemankh'', priest of the funerary cults of Userkaf and Sahure;〔Cf. K. Sethe Ch.1 § 19〕 * ''Senuankh'', another priest of the funerary cults of Userkaf and Sahure;〔Cf. K. Sethe. Ch. 1 § 24〕 * ''Pehenukai'', priest of Userkaf's cult and vizier during the reigns of Sahure and Neferirkare Kakai;〔Cf. K. Sethe. Ch. 1 § 30〕 * ''Nikaure'', judge, palace official and priest of funerary cults of Userkaf and Neferefre;〔Cf. A. Mariette, p. 313〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Userkaf」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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